978-1-7281-1536-8/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE 237
FILM BULK ACOUSTIC WAVE RESONATOR IN RF FILTERS
MUHAMMAD HUNAIN MEMON
1
, ZAKIR KHAN
1
, MUHAMMAD HAMMAD MEMON
2
, SHUO CHEN
1
,
FUJIANG LIN
1
1
Micro-/Nano Electronic System Integration R&D center (MESIC), Department of Electronic Science and Technology,
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
2
School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of china, Chengdu
E-MAIL: hunainmemon@ieee.org, zakirkhan@mail.ustc.edu.cn, muahmmadhammadmemon@yahoo.com
csbao@mail.ustc.edu.cn, fujiang_lin@ieee.org
Abstract:
Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator (FBAR) is widely
used as a RF filter in advanced wireless communication
system because of its high-Quality Factor (Q) and low in-
band losses. FBAR is also widely used as a sensor for
biomedical and physical sensing. This paper describes
the basic concepts of FBAR, device architecture, and the
topology used to design the filter. Furthermore, we have
proposed the design of 3D-FBAR based on cavity device
architecture which can be used to design a RF-filter. In
this design, aluminum (Al) is used as a top as well as for
the bottom electrode the top electrode is hexahedron in
shape, aluminum nitride (AlN) as a piezoelectric and
silicon (Si) is used as a substrate. The designed model is
to analyses maximum pressure of FBAR in its operating
region, the resonant frequency fr which is 2.76 GHz and
anti-resonant frequency fa which is 2.78 GHz and Q-
factor is 730.
Keywords:
RF-MEMS; FBAR; RF Filters; Acoustic wave
1. Introduction
In wireless communication systems, such as cellphone
communication system, satellite communication system and
other communication systems, filtering process is one of the
highlighted issues when the operating frequency is up to
medium or high GHz range. The development of high
performance, small size, resonators and filter on chip
operating in GHz frequency range is the requirement of
present and future wireless communication systems. The
radio frequency (RF) filters have different types in which the
operating frequency range is from 100 MHz to 10 GHz. The
RF filters of high frequency in GHz comes under the
category of microwave filters [1-3]. Film bulk acoustic wave
resonators (FBARs) based RF filters is on high demand in
the current wireless communication systems as well as
upcoming wireless communication systems [4]. The
evolution of smartphones with their ongoing generation of
network, e.g. 3G, 4G/LTE and other wireless access methods,
e.g. WIFI, Bluetooth, GPS receiver path have increased the
need of advanced filter technology.
Radio-frequency (RF) filters in communication systems
based on FBAR technology have attracted major interests to
be fabricated. This is because of their admirable features that
are high Q, miniature and CMOS compatibility [5]. Power
consumption remains the most highlighted factor in wireless
communication systems and low power consumption
designs in modern wireless communication system are in
need [6]. Heavy weighted batteries and devices are not
preferred from the consumers side. So, the key design goal
is to achieve the lowest power consumption. Thus, low loss
and high-quality factor (Q) for filter elements are absolute
requirements in wireless system design. Most common
application of FBARs is radio frequency (RF) filters which
are used in telecommunication systems. Filters made from a
resonator network are designed to suppress out-of-band
frequencies from being transmitted or received through the
communication system on the other hand, the desired
frequencies are transmitted or received with a very low in
band losses.
Acoustic waves are generated when the piezoelectric
material is excited by an electrical field. piezoelectric
material converts that electrical energy into mechanical
energy when an electrical energy is applied and vice versa.
FBAR uses film of piezoelectric material with electrodes on
the both sides and supporting layer or bragg acoustic
reflector. Piezoelectric thin film generates a bulk acoustic
wave inside when it is sandwiched between the electrodes,
when the high frequency signal is applied to the electrodes.
The thin film thickness of the piezo-electric material controls
the resonating wave frequency. A resonator with such a
structure is called a film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR).