International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 10 | Oct 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1103 Performance Study of the Thermo-Electric Generator in the Egyptian Environment Mohammed Araby 1 , Ayman Haggag 1 , Mostafa Eltokhy 1 , Ashraf Aboshosha 2 , and Sayed Zarrouk 3 1 Electronics Technology Department, Faculty of Industrial Education, Helwan University 2 NCRRT, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt 3 Curricula and Methods of Teaching Industrial Education Department, Faculty of Education, Helwan University ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - This research work presents a study of applying Thermo-Electric Generator (TEG) in different regions in the Egyptian environment. The difference in the temperatures between the hot side and the cold side of the TEG generates electricity with an efficiency that reaches about 5% of the thermal energy. This study is beneficial for floating solar stations where the solar energy is heating the hot side of the TEG and the water surface (sea, lake or river) is cooling the other side. Based on the mathematical model of the TEG module, simulation is carried pit using MATLAB/Simulink to elaborate its performance in different conditions. Throughout the simulation, the performance of the TEG in Egyptian different governorates with different sea and ambient temperatures is tested and evaluated. Several advanced applications of the use of TEG are proposed and discussed. Key Words: TEG, Thermoelectric module, Thermoelectric generator, Egyptian weather, Electrical energy 1. INTRODUCTION Energy and economic systems always face the problem of an increasing shortage in energy supplies. Many researchers are working on enhancing the efficiency of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and heat energy. Our study is concerned with improving the efficiency of converting heat energy into electric energy directly using the thermo-electric effect and studying this application within the Egyptian weather. In the early 1800s the thermoelectric effect was discovered. If a temperature gradient is applied to a junction of two dissimilar materials, a voltage will be generated. With the development of semiconductors, the thermoelectric turned to be made of P-type and N-type semiconductors where the bandgap and the carriers concentration could be optimized. By connecting many thermocouples electrically in series and thermally in parallel a thermoelectric module (TEM) as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 will be formed. Fig - 1: Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) Fig - 2: Thermoelectric module (TEM) TEM devices can be classified into two types, TEG (thermoelectric generator) which converts temperature gradient to electric energy and TEC (thermoelectric cooler) which converts electric energy to temperature gradient. TEM is a solid-state energy converter where there is no mechanical or moving parts and generates no noise, moreover, it is reliable, compact and stable. However, the main problem with the TEM is the low efficiency of energy conversion [1]. Chengzhi Zheng et al in 2019 [2] developed a flexible self- powered sensing element by integrating organic-transistor- based chemical sensors with a flexible power supplier, and an organic thermoelectric (OTE) generator. The constructed OTE array mounted on a paper substrate shows a maximum open-circuit voltage of 0.52 V and a maximum power output of 0.32 µW. Notably, the device can be used to power organic field-effect transistor-based gas sensors with ultralow operating voltage. Kyungwhan Yang et al in 2019 [3] proposed a thermoelectric generator-coupled micro super capacitor (TEG-MSC)