The Structure of the Urban Site Takht-i Sangin and Its Vicinity A.P.Druzhinina * by Moiseev succeeded in discovering at least ten channels flowing out of the Kafirnigan river. In the antiquity same as now, the main channels were Katta-Aryk and Kabla-Aryk, along which the majority of the above mentioned archaeological sites were located. The channel Shach was probably the main source for water supply in the Shach area 4 . The geographical distribution of the sites can be clearly defined: the majority of the settlements were concentrated in the center of the Qabodijon oasis, others were located along the main channel Kabla or close to the Kafirnigan river. The second group of sites were concentrated in the south-western part of the oasis Qabodijon and thereupon connected to the channel Shach and to the narrow river-bank of Kafirnigan. Settlements in the lowlands of Vakhsh as well as along the banks of Amu Darya between Vakhsh and Kafirnigan were combined into the group 3. Only two settlements are known from the region to the North from the province center. The results of the survey conducted by the author demonstrate clearly that the ancient settlement mound was capped by a Mazar. The latter was heavily destroyed by modern agriculture. The piedmont region east of the oasis and the sandy area Kurdjalakum bordered from the South-East by the Kattaaryk channel still remain unstudied. The discovered sites were dated within a very long period from the Neolithic to the Late Middle Ages. However since no Bronze Age settlements are currently known from the Qabodijon oasis, it remains questionable whether this territory had been inhabited during this period. Only three burials from the oasis could be dated back to the Late Bronze/Early Iron Age. As evidenced by the A.Donish History, Archaeology and Ethnography Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan * 1 The Structure of the Urban Site Takht-i Sangin and Its Vicinity Being a part of Northern Bactria, the territory of Southern Tajikistan is known for numerous historical sites. The total number of 394 sites (settlements) was recorded in this region, thereof 82 had been excavated during the Soviet period 1 . However virgin soil was reached only on the 17 of them. The antique urban site Takht-i Sangin was one of such urban sites, which could have functioned as an economic center of the province Qabodijon (Kobadian) in South-Western Tajikistan. An oasis located in the province Qabodijon at the lower course of the Kafirnigan river was bordered by Kafirnigan in the West, Amu Darya in the South and Vakhsh in the East. The province was divided into 6 economic zones - sovets with the central city Qabodijon. Totally 53 archaeological sites are currently known from the province (Fig. 1). No archaeological map of the area has been published until today. During the 1950s the region had been under very intensive research by the team led by M.M. D'jakonov: as a result 16 sites had been under research; thereof only three were excavated. During the 1980s the study of this area was preceded by A.V. Sedov, who discovered and studied 11 sites. Other scholars – A.M. Mandel'shtam, T.I. Zejmal ', B.A. Litvinskij, A. Abdullaev, E.V. Denisov, I.A. Maslov, I.N. Medvedskaja, I.R. Pičikjan, L.T. P'jankova and N.M. Vinogradova conducted excavations on several sites in the region. The author of this issue had been working in this region since 1998. No data on the remains of ancient irrigation systems has been summarized by Sedov 2 and B. Moiseev 3 yet. The map of the 19th century created 1 The Structure of the Urban Site Takht-i Sangin and Its Vicinity 再校