77 The Cognitive Campaign: Strategic and Intelligence Perspectives Yossi Kuperwasser and David Siman-Tov, Editors Cognitive Intelligence: The Theoretical Aspect Kobi Michael and Yossi Kuperwasser 1 Introduction Since the dawn of history, strategic conficts and wars have had a cognitive dimension. The Cold War is one of the best examples of this. In recent years, it has been understood that intelligence for the purpose of infuencing cognition is not just another part of the campaign but a critical component of it. Today, attempts to infuence cognition are considered a component of a campaign in the strategic, intelligence, and operative spheres. This is also true of the cognitive intelligence that supports them. In this article, we will focus on cognitive intelligence as a feld in its own right whose importance has increasingly been recognized in recent years, as well as its interfaces with other felds that infuence it and are affected by it. The article establishes a conceptual and theoretical foundation and aims to serve as a basis for developing methodologies and operating concepts within the intelligence community in the feld of cognition, while relying on existing conceptualizations within the feld. The article reveals the scope of the discussion and addresses the open questions, which will expand the knowledge base that the Israeli intelligence community has developed as a result of its practical experience in this feld. In order to properly contend with diverse adversaries in the cognitive campaign – including radical organizations – both integrated national efforts 1 Lt. Col. (res.) Dr. Kobi Michael is a senior research fellow at INSS. Brig. Gen. (res.) Yossi Kuperwasser, former head of the research division at Military Intelligence, is the head of the Institute for the Research of the Methodology of Intelligence at the Israel Intelligence Heritage and Commemoration Center.