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International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2019; 7(6): 26-30
E-ISSN: 2347-5129
P-ISSN: 2394-0506
(ICV-Poland) Impact Value: 5.62
(GIF) Impact Factor: 0.549
IJFAS 2019; 7(6): 26-30
© 2019 IJFAS
www.fisheriesjournal.com
Received: 14-09-2019
Accepted: 18-10-2019
Hari Suprapto
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine,
Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya,
Indonesia
Muh Arief L Ermawati
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine,
Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya,
Indonesia
HZ Hakim
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine,
Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya,
Indonesia
S Nur Hidayati
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine,
Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya,
Indonesia
Corresponding Author:
Hari Suprapto
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine,
Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya,
Indonesia
Toxicity and severe stress of lead (Pb) to hematology
responses of java barb (Barbonymus gonionotus)
Hari Suprapto, Muh Arief, L Ermawati, HZ Hakim and S Nur Hidayati
Abstract
The aims of the research are to determine the hematological response of Java Barb which is exposed to
heavy metal lead (Pb) at different doses. Water pollution occurs due to industrial activities that contain
toxic materials which are increasing with the development of industrialization. One of the heavy metals
that cause pollution in Sidoarjo, East Java Indonesia waters is lead (Pb). Heavy metal in waters at can
affect the life of aquatic biota, especially fish. Lead (Pb) enter the body of an organism through the food
chain, gills or diffusion through the surface of the skin.
Lead enters the fish cause toxic effect that increase in oxidative stress, organ damage and changes in the
biochemical profile of the blood which indicates metabolism in the body is disturbed. Metabolic
disorders will affect the growth of cultivated fish Java Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus), is one type of
freshwater fish that is widely cultivated in Indonesia but is very sensitive to changes of water quality.
The research was an experimental using a completely randomized design consisting of 5 treatments and 4
replications. The treatment are differences in lead doses, namely A (0 ppm), B (0.66 ppm), C (1.32 ppm),
D (1.98 ppm) and E (2.65 ppm). The parameters of observation were total erythrocytes, hemoglobin, total
leukocytes and leukocytes differential, blood glucose and cortisol. Data obtained were analyzed using
Anova to determine the effect of treatment. Differences between treatments were analyzed using
Duncan's multiple distance test.
The results showed that distribution of different lead doses increase the number of leukocytes and reduce
the total erythrocytes, hemoglobin hematocrit, leukocytes differential, blood glucose and cortisol.
Keywords: Java barb, lead, hematological, leukocytes differential, corticol
Introduction
Based on the Indonesian Ministry of Industry’s performance report, the metal industries
increased by 2.94% in 2015. The heavy metals cause pollution in in waters is lead (Pb), for
example Minamata's disease in Japan's. Fish found in Minamata Bay have lumps such as
tumors and paralysis
[19]
. While the mass mortalities due to Pb contamination, this case also
have occurred in the Center of Java Indonesia
[31]
. Lead enter the body through the food chain,
gills or diffusion and the surface of the skin. Lead have a toxic effect cause an increase in
oxidative stress, organ damage and changes in the biochemical profile of blood which
indicates metabolism in the body is disturbed. Metabolic disorders will affect the growth of
cultivated fish
[12]
.
Java Barb (Barbonymus gonionous) is a freshwater fish that is widely cultivated and
economically consumed. Based on aquaculture production data in 2005, production amounted
to 32,575 MT and continued to increase 132,600 MT in 2009. Fish very sensitive to changes in
water quality. Physiologically, fish exposed to heavy metals will uptake through the food chain
as well as passively diffuse through outside organs membranes
[15]
. Several studies have been
conducted on lead content in fish, it was found that in Brantas River in Mojokerto Region
(East Java), the lead in fish reached 0.268 ppm
[5]
. The results of Sahetapy and Tuhumury
[25]
,
lead pollution also occurred in the water of Ambon Bay, the range on Baronang (Siganus
canaliculatus) and Kuweh (Caranx sexfasciatus) are 0.007 - 0.254 ppm. The presence of lead
in the waters will have an impact on the disruption of fish and human health. In addition, a
research around the Taloja industry in Mumbai India by Lokhande et al.
[8]
, showed that the
levels of heavy metals Pb, Cr and Zn were 31.4 mg/L, 35.2 mg/L and 33.1 mg/L respectively.
The usual parameters for index in determining fish health are total leukocytes, total