International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 11, Number 10 (2016) pp 6970-6975 © Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com 6970 ECMST: Minimal Energy Usage Competent Multicast Steiner Tree based Route Discovery for Mobile Ad hoc Networks SK. Nagula Meera Research Scholar, Department of ECE, JNTU Hyderabad, Telangana State, India. D. Srinivasa Kumar Professor & Principal, Hosur Institute of Technology & Science Beerpalli, Krishnagiri District, Tamilnadu, India. D. Srinivasa Rao Professor, Department of ECE, College of Engineering, JNTU College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India. Abstract A mobile ad hoc network is established by a set of independent nodes with limited energy resources and mobility. The transmission range of a node is limited, henceforth a source node uses the intermediate nodes to communicate with any other target node, which not in direct transmission range of source node. In order to achieve successful communication between source and target nodes, the selected intermediate nodes must have sufficient residual energy and minimal energy consumption. Hence the selection of intermediate nodes to establish stable path between source and destination nodes is crucial, which is much acute in multicast routing (one source to many destinations or many sources to many destinations) that compared to unicast (one source to one destination) routing. In this context, here we proposed an evolutionary computation based Minimal Energy Usage Competent Multicast Steiner Tree based Route Discovery strategy for mobile ad hoc networks. The proposed multicast route discovery approach is based on evolutionary strategy. The model defined here is labeled as Minimal Energy usage Competent Multicast Steiner Tree based Route Discovery (ECMST). ECMST is tree topology that discriminates to other tree based multicast routing topologies by adopting evolutionary computation strategy called genetic algorithm to select the multicast tree with optimal intermediate nodes that are having maximal residual energy and minimal energy usage. The fitness function devised for progressive genetic algorithm to discover the multicast tree under aimed objectives and they are (i) Energy Consumption Fraction, (ii) Residual Energy Fraction and (iii) multicast restraint fraction. Unlike the traditional genetic algorithm, the genetic algorithm used here in this proposal is based on incremental evolutionary strategy, hence the mutation count and evolutions are significantly found to be minimal and the computational complexity also linear. The experimental results exhibiting that the ECMST is the best of in its class to discover multicast route that consists nodes with maximal life and minimal energy usage. Keywords: Multicasting, Energy Efficient, Residual Energy, Battery Deflection, Multicast restraint fraction INTRODUCTION Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) are a network of mobile nodes that establish and maintain communication in the network by themselves without any other infrastructure support. The network is configured by each node independently and is operated jointly by all the nodes without any fixed units of infrastructure such as base stations, access points or routers. There is no central controller and the control in the routing process is distributed between the nodes available in the network. In MANETs the routing decisions are made independently by the nodes where every node acts as both host and router. The communication among the scattered nodes is challenging due to resources constraints and frequent route changes among the mobile nodes. Power is as critical resource in MANET as the routing of the data is done using batteries and exhaustion of the batteries leads to network disconnection. The power consumed by the batteries in every routing session has to be efficiently managed with minimum power used in the routing to offer maximum connectivity. The research for developing source- based energy-efficient multicast trees has many heuristic algorithms devised [1] aiming to extend the lifetime of the multicast trees. In order to improvise the quality of service especially in multimedia communication that are delay- sensitive the multicast routing has to be in terms of end-to-end delay which though is not included in the various techniques devised for energy-efficient multicast routing. The techniques devised for offering QoS services with multicast routing consider different metrics of multi constraints such as, multi- constrained minimum cost multicasting [2], and degree- constrained least-cost multicasting [3] without giving importance to the energy efficiency factor and due to this they are inapplicable for the routing process in MANETs. In data transmission MANET use multi-hop communication so that the source nodes use less amount of energy and avoid draining of the battery power. The design of multicast routing schemes