(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 10, No. 12, 2019 433 | Page www.ijacsa.thesai.org Research Trends in Surveillance through Sousveillance Siraj Munir 1 Department of Computer Science Mohammad Ali Jinnah University Karachi, Pakistan Syed Imran Jami 2 Faulty of Computer Science Mohammad Ali Jinnah University Karachi, Pakistan Abstract—Collective Intelligence is an immense research area that has wide application to cross-disciplines, like social, legal, and computation. Research trends in Surveillance find its place in the work of this area generating curated data set helpful in answering complex queries. Sousveillance is a recent term coined by researchers and had been discussed in different literatures. However our findings suggest that integration of Surviellance through Sousviellance data set has not been given much importance in collective fashion. In this literature we introduced an effective model of collective intelligence by integrating surveillance through sousviellance in a campus environment. For testbed networking devices are used to generate sousvillance data to provide validation, and cleaning to enable reliability and trust in the target object. Keywords—Semantics; querying; profiling; IoT; surveillance; sousveillance I. INTRODUCTION Recent advancement in technology has given rise to several practical implications of surveillance and sousveillance. Sousveillance is a French origin word sous means below and veiller means watch combinational it means watching from below. Sousviellance Term was coined by Steve Mann et al. in [1, 2], that can be described as inverse of surveillance, surveillance on-demand and activity of particular entity for example person, officer, politician etc. using wearable computing. Analytics for Surveillance is still an active area in research community as researchers recently proposed some outstanding techniques for surveillance as shown in [3, 4]. Several use cases are identified for integration of surveillance with sousveillance, for better results in terms of accuracy in answering complex queries. Consider a scenario of police officer‟s behavior with citizens. It has been noticed in several incidents that on personal biasness, officer‟s behavior was non ethical and main concern is that these type of events were also surveilled. In some events no action was taken or either surveillance clip was not present that is somehow deleted. This raises a huge question mark on surveillance systems, and therefore requires the support of sousveillance. Surveillance has already proven its usage by providing potential solutions in different areas including computer science, and social sciences. Integrated approach of Surveillance with Sousveillance would help in resolving different queries that are complex to solve. A detailed taxonomy of veillance is presented in Fig. 1 which clearly differentiates types of veillance and their sub-categories. There are eleven different categories of veillance as reported in [1]. Each category of veillance has its role like Dataveillance is used for doing veillance over online activities, while Counterveillance is using veillance for recording own actions. Beinveillance deals with the usage of veillance for benefits like presence of sence and turning on lights using sensors. Malveillance is veillance for malicious intent and Coveillance is peer-to-peer veillance like veillance of neighbors, family members etc. Other areas include Kineveillance and Stativeillance that are veillance of mobile and stationary objects like electromagnetic waves etc. Autoveillance is veillance of quantified self/ body hacking. Uberveillance is surveillance which can be embedded in human body using state-of-the-art IoT based wearable computing. Some major problems with surveillance are: 1) Surveillance is a type of veillance about/ around a fix point. 2) What if surveillance system was on update while certain event happened. 3) What if any high profile person uses his/ her resources and delete surveillance data from system. 4) What if server was down when X terrorism event happened. These are some of the major queries that require resolution using intelligent query engine. A potential solution to these queries is the integration of surveillance systems with sousveillance. The ongoing digital age where technology and computing are ubiquitous, the tracking of generated data through viellance will eventually help in solving many hurdles of our daily life. The major contribution of this work is the identification of problem with the discussion on research trends in ongoing work and proposed an integrated approach of Sousviellance with surveillance in the campus setting. Next section will discuss research trends in surveillance through sousveillance.