International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 12 | Dec 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 792 Harvesting Dates Effect Anmolpreet Singh Nagpal 1 , Kawaljeet Kaur 1 Agronomy Executive, Mahindra agri solution, Punjab, India 2 Assistant professor, Dept. of agriculture, CT group of institution, Punjab, India --------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - There are many stages in the crop which effect the crop quality and quantity. The biotic and abiotic stress are also important factor which effect the same. Harvesting is one of the most important parameter consider in the crop cycle. The removal of the economically important part from the plant is termed as harvesting. Harvesting stage varies from crop to crop or it is different for different crops. The harvesting time also a typical aspect which is considered during assuming the yield. The harvesting of any crop should be done at the optimum stage. If the harvesting is delayed or harvested before the optimum stage there are several types of loses which occur both in the quality and quantity of the crop. The yield is mainly consider the quantity while the quality indicator varies from crop to crop. Crop harvested at proper time will give you the best result and it is true for all the crop. If harvesting is not done on optimum stage or time then there are loses issue, the loss which once occurred in the crop at ultimate time cannot be reserved.to avoid the losses various researches have been done defining the optimum time of harvesting of the crop. So to prevent these losses the crop should be harvested at the optimum time because the ultimate person to suffer from the losses is the farmer which is working on the ground zero. Key Words: Harvesting dates, yield, quantity, quality, optimum stage, losses. 1. INTRODUCTION There are many type crop in the world which exist in different habitat. The main type of crops are cereals, cash crops, oil-seed crop, fiber crops, horticulture crops, plantation crop etc. All the crop grown in the nature suffer from the environment biotic and abiotic stress. All these factor will effect the crop and its life cycle. As the crop are grown in different agro metrological zone which make there sowing/planting and harvesting time different. The harvesting time or the stage is one of the most important parameter effecting the all the crops grown around the world. There quantity, quality, keeping quality, storage, shelf life all are dependent on the harvesting time. The harvesting time will decide the end result of the hard work done throughout crop season. The harvesting of the crop mainly depend upon the stage required by the human. If any crop is used for table purpose than it is harvested early as compare when it is grown for the seed purpose but in both the cases the quantity and quality are important. To get the bumper yield and hefty profits the crop should be harvested at the optimum time. If the harvesting delayed in some of the crops the yield will decrease on per day basis. So it is important to harvest at the best possible time 1.1 Effect on the Quantity (yield) Groundnut varieties were selected which were harvested at five different dates. the highest yield was obtained when the harvesting was done at 98 days after planting of the crop for the two varieties why one of the varieties give the best result in yield attributes at 118 days after planting. The result of this experiment was that groundnut crop should be harvested at 98 to 108 days after planting (Sattayarak and Laosuwan, 1997). A study was conducted in 3 varieties of barley and one variety of triticale used for fodder purposes. Both the crops were sown at two different date’s two different areas and harvesting was performed at two different stages. The cutting which was done at the stage C. 31 was having yield twice as that of harvesting which was done at C. 30 stage. Both the crops when having the same grain yield. The delay in the harvesting was having a direct correlation with the heading date (Royo et al. 1997). 3 dates of sowing were chosen along with two harvesting intervals which were of two and three days. The result from this experiment was that earlier Sowing and increasing the gap between harvesting was having a positive correlation with the yield and weight of the cucumber crop by (Saglam and Yazgan, 1997). The crop of maize was harvested at 6 different stages and the crop of wheat was sown at 6 different dates respectively. The sowing of the wheat crop before 10th October lead to an increase in the yield while there was a decrement in the yield after that. There was an increment in the grains of maize crop with delayed harvesting up to 5th October while there was a decrement in the yield after that because of low temperature. Evening Primrose was harvested at two different stages of the growth season the harvesting was done at 390 days after planting and 427 days after planting of the crops. The crop was observed both in autumn and spring season. In the case of the autumn season, the highest yield was obtained when the crop was harvested late in the season or when the harvesting was delayed. In the case of spring season there was a decrement in the yield at both early and late harvest this was because less number of seeds matured at early harvest and the yield was less in the case of the late harvest because of shattering (Ghasemnezhad, 2007). The impact of spacing harvesting time and different fertilizers level on the growth and yield of coleus crop. The harvesting of the crop was done at three different stages that are 160 days after planting 180 days after planting and 140 days after planting. Number of tubers was obtained at 160 and 180 days after planting put