International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 12 | Dec 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1637 Experimental Investigation of Performance & Emission Characteristics of 4 Stroke Single Cylinder CI Engine by using Palm Oil Biodiesel with Magnetic Energizer: A Review Naika Siddharthkumar B. 1 , Amit I. Pandey 2 , Maulik A. Modi 3 1 PG Student, Mechanical Engineering Department, LDRP-ITR, KSV University, Gandhinagar, India 2,3 Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, LDRP-ITR, KSV University, Gandhinagar, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The world today is faced with environmental pollution. As alternative fuel to diesel cold flow properties are the main issue for palm biodiesel usage. From the seeds of Palm tree, Palm seed oil can be obtained. .Due to increasing demands of hygienic products, cosmetics, food etc. the palm biodiesel industry has been growing over the last decades. The discovery resides in the field of hydrocarbon fuel treatment in liquid or gaseous form, to increase fuel-burning efficiency. Hydrocarbon powers have since quite a while ago fanned geometric chains of carbon iotas which tend to crease over onto themselves. When hydrocarbon fuels flow through the powerful magnetic field, intermolecular forces is considerably reduced hence oil particles are finely divided, thus magnetic effect reduce fuel consumption. The purpose of this study is to analyze the biodiesel fuel characteristics due to the exposure of the magnetic fields of these fuel molecules. Key Words: Palm biodiesel, fuel magnetizer, emission, efficiency, performance 1. INTRODUCTION Biodiesel viscosity is the most important property for starting combustion of fuel droplets into combustion chambers of the engine cylinder [J.Azagaral et al, 2014]. According to outlook for energy (2018 Outlook for energy, 2018), the world’s population will reach about 9 billion from about 7.2 billion today by 2040. It is expected that oil will still be predominant in 2040, so that, there is a need to increase the supply of energy for transportation sectors [M.A.Ghadikolaci et al,2019]. Figure 1.1 Sector wise diesel consumption (%)[13] The use of biofuels policies encouraging have been introduced by several developed countries. For economic activity, energy is an essential and vital input. For the sustainable economic and social development of the country, it is a important factor to build a strong base of the energy resources [Venkata Ramesh Mamilla et al, 2012]. The application of diesel engine is also rising in other sectors like Agriculture, Industry, Aviation, Shipping etc. The Fig.1.1 shows key consumer of mineral diesel. It has been found that around 70% of diesel is being consumed in transport sectors [N. Acharya et al, 2017] 1.1 EFFECT OF EXHAUST EMISSION ON HUMAN HEALTH The vehicular emission contains different harmful gases like carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, oxides of sulphur, unburnt hydrocarbon and smoke, which affect the human health adversely. The impact of these gases/components on human health is outlined below [14][15]. Carbon Monoxide The formation of carbon monoxide occurs due to incomplete combustion of fuel in the engine. It is an odourless and colourless gas which is toxic and harmful to the human body. If it reaches the bloodstream, it forms carboxyhaemoglobin and reduces the flow of oxygen in blood and may cause death. Carbon Dioxide It does not affect the health directly, but it is a greenhouse gas and the cause of global warming. Sulphur Dioxide As mineral diesel contains some amount of sulphur, it's burning causes formation of oxides of sulphur. When it comes in contact with atmospheric moisture and sunlight, sulphuric acid is formed and it leads to acid rain. It causes and aggravates the respiratory problem like asthma. Hydrocarbon Formation of hydrocarbon results from incomplete combustion of fuel. Their subsequent reaction with sunlight causes smog and ground-level ozone formation. The ozone