International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 12 | Dec 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2573 Advance Manufacturing Processes Review Part VI: Plasma ARC Machining (PAM) Swapnil Umredkar 1 , Vallabh Bhoyar 2 1,2 UG Student, Mechanical Engineering Department, G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering, Maharashtra, India -----------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract- Technology today in metal cutting process require good dimensional correctness and high-quality cut surfaces without further operation. Plasma arc machining process does high temperature and high velocity contracted arc through an amount of gas between the electrode and the work material to be inscribe. It is essential to have a good knowledge of the process to get better results. This paper focus on current research work and results obtained by using plasma arc machining process based on certain processing parameters, experiments and various optimization techniques that has been used for optimization of plasma machining process. The quality of the cut is generally monitored by measuring the kerf taper angle (conicity), the edge roughness and the size of the heat- affected zone (HAZ). This work aims and explains the evaluating processing parameters, such as the scanning speed, cutting power, cutting height and plasma gas pressure. The regression analysis has been used for the development of empirical models which are able to describe the effect of the process parameters on the quality of the cutting. Keywords: AM, Parameters, Machining, Quality Characteristic 1. INTRODUCTION TO PLASMA ARC MACHINING The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gases. The fourth state of matter is obtained when gases are heated to temperatures about 5500 0 C. At this temperature, the gases are partially ionized and exits in the form of a mixture of free electrons, positively charged ions and neutral atoms. This mixture is termed as plasma. When a gas is heated, then the number of collisions between the atoms increases. Due to this the gas ionizes, (i.e. the atoms are stripped- off their outer electrons) which results in electrons and ions. The electrons thus produced, in turn, collide with atoms, increase their kinetic energy and ionize them so that more electrons and ions are produced. Thus, the plasma has an ability to conduct electricity due to the presence of electrons. When the gas is completely ionized, then the temperature of the central part of the plasma is between 11000 0 C to 28000 0 C. When such an ionized gas is directed on the workpiece through a high velocity jet, the metal is removed by melting. 2. LITERATURE SURVEY K. Salonitis, S. Vatousianos studied Experimental Investigation of the Plasma Arc Cutting Process, plasma cutting process is investigated experimentally in the paper for assessing the quality of the cut. The quality of the cut has been monitored by measuring the kerf taper angle (conicity), the edge roughness and the size of the heat- affected zone (HAZ). This work aims at evaluating processing parameters, such as the cutting power, scanning speed, cutting height and plasma gas pressure. A statistical analysis of the results has been performed in order for the effect of each parameter on the cutting quality to be determined. The regression analysis has been used for the development of empirical models able to describe the effect of the process parameters on the quality of the cutting and concluded that the scope of the present paper was the experimental study of the plasma arc cutting in order to identify the process parameters that influence the most the quality characteristics of the cut. Four process parameters were examined, namely the cutting speed, the cutting current, the plasma gas pressure and the distance of the plasma torch from the workpiece surface (cutting height). The quality characteristics that were assessed included the surface roughness, the heat affected zone and the conicity of the cut geometry. Using design of experiments and analysis of variance, it was found that the surface roughness and the conicity are mainly affected by the cutting height, whereas the heat affected zone is mainly influenced by the cutting current [3]. Jainish A. Patel, Karan H. Patel, Chirag. Prajapati, Montu D. Patel, Rakesh B. Prajapati reviewed Experimental Investigation of Plasma Arc Cutting by Full Factorial Design and studied plasma cutting is a manufacturing process is leading in developing in arc cutting process which is higher productivity and Good in quality. Nitrogen is used as a shielding gas in the PAC. The shielding gas can influence the cut strength, ductility, and toughness and corrosion resistance. By Plasma arc cutting it is possible to cut is very easy. Optimization of the parameter will be carried out by Full factorial method. We will use Stainless Steel 304 material which is more use in filler material, Food processing equipments, chemical containers and Heat exchangers. S.S 304 plates with Dimensions 250mm x