Spatial and temporal dynamics of presaccadic attentional facilitation before pro- and antisaccades Laura Mikula School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada ImpAct team, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Bron, France Marilyn Jacob School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada Trang Tran School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada Laure Pisella ImpAct team, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Bron, France $ Aarlenne Z. Khan School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada $ The premotor theory of attention and the visual attention model make different predictions about the temporal and spatial allocation of presaccadic attentional facilitation. The current experiment investigated the spatial and temporal dynamics of presaccadic attentional facilitation during pro- and antisaccade planning; we investigated whether attention shifts only to the saccade goal location or to the target location or elsewhere, and when. Participants performed a dual-task paradigm with blocks of either anti- or prosaccades and also discriminated symbols appearing at different locations before saccade onset (measure of attentional allocation). In prosaccades blocks, correct prosaccade discrimination was best at the target location, while during errors, discrimination was best at the location opposite to the target location. This pattern was inversed in antisaccades blocks, although discrimination remained high opposite to the target location. In addition, we took the benefit of a large range of saccadic landing positions and showed that performance across both types of saccades was best at the actual saccade goal location (where the eye will actually land) rather than at the instructed position. Finally, temporal analyses showed that discrimination remained highest at the saccade goal location, from long before to closer to saccade onset, increasing slightly for antisaccades closer to saccade onset. These findings are in line with the premises of the premotor theory of attention, showing that attentional allocation is primarily linked both temporally and spatially to the saccade goal location. Introduction Saccades refer to rapid eye movements that bring the fovea to the object of interest, thus allowing for visual exploration. In response to a presented target, partic- ipants may want to look at the target (prosaccades) or to avoid looking at it and look in the opposite direction (antisaccades), to a location where there may or may not be a visual object. Also, in order to perform antisaccades, participants have to suppress the auto- matic saccade toward the target location and program a voluntary oculomotor response toward the mirror target location (saccade goal). It is assumed that this latter step is achieved by inversing the visual vector (i.e., the distance between the fixation point and the target location) rather than inversing the motor vector of the inhibited prosaccade (Collins, Vergilino-Perez, Delisle, & Dor ´ e-Mazars, 2008; L´ evy-Bencheton, Pisella, Sale- Citation: Mikula, L., Jacob, M.,Tran, T., Pisella, L., & Khan, A. Z. (2018). Spatial and temporal dynamics of presaccadic attentional facilitation before pro- and antisaccades. Journal of Vision, 18(11):2, 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1167/18.11.2. Journal of Vision (2018) 18(11):2, 1–16 1 https://doi.org/10.1167/18.11.2 ISSN 1534-7362 Copyright 2018 The Authors Received January 26, 2018; published October 10, 2018 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Downloaded From: https://jov.arvojournals.org/pdfaccess.ashx?url=/data/journals/jov/937559/ on 10/11/2018