17th International Symposium INFOTEH-JAHORINA, 21-23 March 2018
Control system for portable dry ice cleaning device
Miloš D. Jovanović, Željko V. Despotović, Marko R.
Tajdić
Institute “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Belgrade
Belgrade, Serbia
milos.jovanovic@pupin.rs, zeljko.despotovic@pupin.rs
marko.tajdic@pupin.rs
Slađan Milanović
Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade
Belgrade, Serbia
sladjan.milanovic@imi.bg.ac.rs
Abstract — In the paper will be described a control system of a
dry ice cleaning system. One such cleaner can be used in various
branches of industry such as: electrical, metal, wood, automotive,
food, pharmaceutical, plastics, paper and cosmetics industries. It
can also be used in printing, steelworks and for removing
graphite from the walls by removing impurities and not
damaging the substrate material. The dry ice cleaner is
characterized by the appropriate speed, flow and vibrations that
need to be generated. The cleaner should be robust and have a
wide range of operating temperatures. There is a very necessary
protection from static electricity, which is easily generated by
constant vibration and friction, which can very badly affect, and
even lead to the failure of the entire control system. The software
of this control system is protected from external influence by
WDT, Watch Dog Timer. Also, the software is written so that it
can recognize improper handling by a cleaner. In case of
improper handling, the software will protect the user.
Keywords – Control system; Dry ice; Cleaning; Static electricity
I. INTRODUCTION
The main purpose of a portable dry-cleaning machine based
on dry ice is to remove impurities from different surfaces.
Cleaning with dry ice has special advantages compared to the
classic sandblasting or high-pressure cleaning process. Dry ice
strongly removes dirt, and after spraying dry ice pellets
completely pass into a gaseous state, carbon dioxide (CO2) [1].
This means that there is no liquid state, but from a solid state
directly pass into a gas state. In this way, the cleaner does not
leave abrasives behind it, such as sand or glass granulates and
there is no waste, dirty water. Also, it is very important that
you do not have to disassemble the machine before cleaning,
because the dry ice particles reach the smallest corners, so that
the machine's standstill time is minimized. Cleaning on dry ice
basis is environmentally safe and does not damage the nature
for several reasons, and some of them are: there is no risk of
bacteria because there are no residuals of water, carbon dioxide
is not toxic and the gas is not harmful. When the impurities are
not removed in this way, the material nor the surface from
which the impurities are removed will be damaged. The
technological process of cleaning itself can be explained in the
following way. The particles of dry ice are accelerated by
compressed air at a rate of over 150 m/s and due to the cold of
about -79ºC impurities freeze and get cracks, and then the
fraction of dry ice at their high speed can eliminate impurities.
Fig. 1 illustrates the previously described process.
Figure 1. The process of removing impurities
The portable cleaning device can be used in various
industrial branches and for various purposes, and some of them
are listed below. Steel, metal industry and machinery where
cleaning is done in order to maintain production machines,
welding robots, conveyor belts and varnishing facilities. In the
wood and electrical industry for the cleaning of woodworking
machines, generators, turbines, control cabinets, etc. In the
plastic and packaging industry, the dry ice drier removes
silicone and rubber as well as paint, varnish and many other
impurities. This device can be used in foundries, automotive,
food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and paper industries. The
cleaner has also found its application in the removal of graffiti
from the walls.
The dry ice cleaner is characterized by the appropriate
speed, flow and vibrations to be generated. The technical
requirements that the device should satisfy are robustness, wide
range of operating temperature and protection against static
electricity. A very high need for static electricity protection has
arisen because static electricity is easily generated by constant
vibration and friction, which can be very badly affected and
even lead to the failure of the entire control system. Also, it
was required that the software of this control system be
protected from external influences. Fig. 2 shows the entire
portable cleaning device.
978-1-5386-4907-7/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE