International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | Jan 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 92 Hybrid Energy Harvesting System based Sustainable Building S. Sharmili 1 , S. Revathy 2 , S. Babjee 3 , H. Umma Habiba 4 1 B.Arch Student, Rajalakshmi School of Architecture, Chennai 2 Ph.D. Scholar, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Chennai 3 Associate Professor, Rajalakshmi School of Architecture, Chennai 4 Professor, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Chennai ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The proposed sustainable building is based on hybrid energy harvesting using solar energy, peizo- electricity and radio frequency (RF) as the energy source to satisfy the energy needs of wireless sensors used in building for smart home automation system by eliminating the traditional method of using batteries and external power lines. In addition to this a building can be made sustainable by incorporating solid waste management system, rain water harvesting system, gray water management system and by using sustainable building materials. An innovative daylight system can also be used to light up the building naturally using solar tubes and top lighting system which also adds up in making the building sustainable. Thus multiple resources are conserved and reused for making smart home automation system and sustainable building possible in near future. Key Words: sustainable building, hybrid energy harvesting, wireless sensors, smart home automation system, solar tubes. 1. INTRODUCTION A building is made green and intelligent by incorporating three core technologies: building automation system, wireless technology and battery less device. The battery less devices brings in energy efficiency, flexibility, comfort and security by saving time and cost which outcomes the traditional system. The traditional system includes conventional wiring which is not flexible and cost effective and that of batteries causes pollution which needs high maintenance. And these systems have restrictions in positioning and orienting sensors according to customer needs. Thus the sensors are made self-powered to avoid these problems by using energy harvesting systems which helps in avoiding hindrance from noise and dirt. The sustainable buildings include hospitals, hotels, small commercials, prefabs, single houses, flats and schools where worldwide 250000 buildings are made sustainable. The concept of sustainability includes working on energy/electricity, water, solid waste and materials. When energy is considered three main concepts come in to picture are day lighting, wireless sensors and battery less energy harvesting system. When day lighting is considered, their effective usage in buildings like using solar tubes in top of the building to direct the sunlight in to building (to avoid usage of lights running in electricity) and also working in placement of windows for directing sunlight into the building. Numerous wireless sensors are used in the smart home automation system to sense any changes in ambient temperature or lightings etc which are powered through batteries which needs maintenance and regular replacements. Thus if a sensor is made self-powered by using energy harvesters will eventually reduces cost and time. In addition instead of using one energy source to harvest, multiple sources can be combined and harvested to improve the energy efficiency [1]. From literature multiple sources like piezo-electricity [2], solar energy, vibration energy [3], super capacitors, Li batteries [4] and nano-generator [5] are used for energy harvesting. The location and orientation is much concerned when piezo-electricity is used as energy for harvesters which can be placed in floors in building where high traffic area is considered. When solar energy is considered silica is used in harvesting which is costly so instead of using silica, silica based polymer is used as coating in windows and panels of building. The applications of self-powered systems include wireless bio sensing, infrastructure monitoring, sensing network, personal electronics and national security system. It also has applications in wireless sensor networks used for temperature monitoring, smart home automation and smart cities. Then the water must be managed properly in building, one is rain water harvesting and next is grey water management. The gray water management is done by employing SOAP technique where water from sink, laundry and bath tubs are disinfected in the morning and re-circulated through the building during night for delivering heat energy to the floors of the building and then the water is again reused for laundry and flushing [6]. The solid waste management system is also employed for electricity generation. Novel materials are used in buildings to make building sustainable too. 2. DESIGN OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS 2.1 Needs of Sustainable Buildings In olden days, the local or vernacular architecture done by the people themselves had a lot of sustainable