The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 6(02): 5282-5290, 2019
DOI: 10.18535/ijsshi/v6i2.04 ICV 2015: 45.28
ISSN: 2349-2031
© 2019, THEIJSSHI
5282 The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, vol. 6, Issue 02, February, 2019
Research Article
A Comparative Analysis on the Parliament’s Role in the Appointment of Justices to the
Supreme Court in the USA and the Maldives
Aminath Asfa Shafie
1
, Shamrahayu A. Aziz
2
1
Ph.D. Candidate, Ahmad Ibrahim Kulliyyah of Laws, International Islamic University Malaysia
2
Ph.D., Associate Professor, Ahmad Ibrahim Kulliyyah of Laws, International Islamic University
Malaysia
Abstract: The politics involved in the appointment of Judges to the Supreme Court impacts everyone; the policy-making
Executive, the lawmaking Legislature and the people who elected the aforementioned two branches of Government. In
Maldives, the parliament plays a huge role in the appointment of Justices to the Supreme Court of Maldives. However, the
parliamentary procedure in place regarding providing approval to selected candidates to the highest authority in the
judiciary of Maldives seems to lack a vital part of any job interview; the assessing of the candidate’s eligibility to take o n
the responsibilities of the office. Whereas in the United States of America, confirmation hearings are held to not only
assess the candidate’s eligibility but also to determine the character of the candidate. The main purpose of this article is to
entail the role of the parliament in both jurisdictions in the appointment of Justices to the Supreme Court. Therefore,
taking a doctrinal approach, this article analyses the constitutional and parliamentary procedures of the United States of
America and Maldives regarding the appointment of Justices to the Supreme Court. This article reveals the imperative
necessity to reform the constitutional and parliamentary procedures of appointing Justices, to ensure an independent,
impartial and effective judiciary in the Maldives.
Keywords: Parliament, Parliamentary Procedures, Judicial Appointments, Supreme Court, Maldives, United States of
America
1. Introduction
The Supreme Court is the highest appellate court in the
Maldives as well as the United States of America. The
appointment of the justices to the Supreme Court is
significant. In the Maldives, as well as the United States, the
respective Constitutions of both jurisdictions require the
President, i.e. the Executive to nominate a candidate for the
position. The differences found in these jurisdictions remain to
be minuscule on paper; the President of the United States
nominates a candidate and with the advice and approval of the
Senate, appoints a Justice to the Supreme Court of the United
States, whereas in the Maldives, the President nominates a
candidate with the consultation of the Judicial Service
Commission and appoints a Justice to the Supreme Court of
Maldives after the candidate receives approval from the
parliament- the People’s Majlis.
However, the recent appointment of Justice Brett Kavanaugh
to the U.S. Supreme Court, amidst sexual harassment
accusations, brought in to perspective the main difference in
the appointment of a Justice to the Supreme Court in the
Maldives; the confirmation hearing. It should be noted that
neither the Constitution of the Republic of Maldives nor the
Regulation of the People’s Majlis hinders the parliament from
conducting confirmation hearings to assess the eligibility of
the nominated candidate and to assess their character. But the
committee reports of the parliament shows that the parliament
had been granting its approval to nominated candidates based
on the documents forwarded to the parliament by the
President‟s Office after having nominated a candidate.
Compared to the democratic constitutional history of the
United States of America, Maldives is merely an infant
learning to crawl; the Maldives enacted it‟s very first
democratic Constitution in 2008. Therefore, since 2008, every
time the parliament of Maldives had the opportunity to grant
consent to nominees to the Supreme Court, the parliament has
claimed to be pressed for time and has chosen not to question
nominees to the Supreme Court before granting them consent.
Necessarily, the Constitution of the Republic of Maldives does
not specifically state that the parliament has to conduct
confirmation hearings; determining the procedure through
which to provide approval to nominated candidates is left to
the discretion of the parliament. Justices to the Supreme Court
of Maldives are nominated and appointed because they meet
the constitutionally required qualifications. However, when it
comes to the highest authority in the judiciary of Maldives, it
is only sensible that the representatives of the people should
be more vigilant in the process of the appointment of the
Justices to the Supreme Court. Confirmation hearings, despite
the nominees meeting the required qualifications, provide
insight into their eligibility to take on the responsibilities of
the office, as well as their views on vital and controversial
issues. Furthermore, confirmation hearings provide the people
of the country the opportunity to understand and express their
concerns regarding a person whose decisions would impact
not only the country as a whole but also the ordinary lives of
the people.