Effect of the Addition of ZrSiO
4
on Alkali-Resistance and
Liquidus Temperature of Basaltic Glass
Napaporn Vaiborisut
1,a
, Chanittha Chunwises
1,b
, Dararat Boonbundit
1,c
,
Sirithan Jiemsirilers
1,2,d
, Apirat Theerapapvisetpong
1,e*
1
Research Unit of Advanced Ceramics, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science,
Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
2
Center of excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University,
Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
a
vaiborisut_napa@hotmail.com,
b
chanittha.chun@gmail.com,
c
d.dararatb@gmail.com,
d
sirithan.j@chula.ac.th,
e*
apirat.t@chula.ac.th
Keywords: Liquidus temperature, Basaltic glasses, Zirconium silicate
Abstract. Basalt fiber has been used as a reinforced material in cement-based materials because it
has higher mechanical strength and cheaper than common silicate based glass-fibers. However,
silicate-based glass fibers have low alkali resistance especially in cement matrix composite. In this
work, we studied the improvement of alkali resistance by addition of zirconium silicate (ZrSiO
4
) in
original basalt glass composition. The batch of basalt glass with additional ZrSiO
4
contents of
0.00, 2.50, 5.00, 7.50 and 10.00 wt% were melted at 1500 °C. The liquidus temperature (T
L
) is
important in for the fiber glass manufacturing. It need to formulate glass composition which
requires a lower melting temperature and is crystallization resistant. T
L
as a function of composition
is usually determined experimentally. In this study, glassy phase was determined by X-ray
Diffraction (XRD). The glass transition temperature (T
g
), the crystallization temperature (T
c
) and T
L
were analyzed by Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA). The results found that the addition of
ZrSiO
4
in a basalt glass batch increased T
g
while T
c
of each sample was closed to original basalt
fiber. Moreover, the alkali resistance of these glasses increased with an increasing of ZrSiO
4
content. However, excessive ZrSiO
4
contents (7.50 and 10.00 wt%) resulted in crystallization of
ZrO
2
which separated from glassy phase.
Introduction
Basalt rock is a volcanic rock which able to form fiber glass by its component. The chemical
components which are the major component in basaltic glass and influent on its properties are
silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and iron oxide. Its structure is
closed to the general silicate glass and enable to be used in glass melting [1,2]. The basaltic glass is
commonly melted at high temperature between 1500 and 1700 °C. Basaltic glass was used in many
composite materials as a fiber reinforcement due to its important properties, such as good electrical
insulators, high mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and high temperature stability.
Basalt fiber has an excellent thermal property, modulus of elasticity and high strength
compared to those of S-glass and E-glass. However, the silicate based glass fibers have low alkali
resistance especially in cement matrix composite. Among these fiber glasses, basalt fiber is higher
resistance to alkaline environment and better insulation property, which is why it is widely used as
an insulation material in the construction industry [3,4].
The addition of zirconium oxide (ZrO
2
) to glass composition is to improve the alkali
resistance. Besides improving alkali resistance of glass, glass-transition temperature and high
temperature stability of sodium borosilicate glass and basalt fiber also increased [5,6]. On the other
hand, the addition of more than 12.00 wt% ZrO
2
to the glass batch reduces the alkali resistance
[7-9] and tensile strength of the basalt fibers [10].
The liquidus temperature (T
L
) [11-13]plays an important role in an industrial glass. T
L
is
defined as the highest temperature at which crystals can exist in equilibrium within the melt. During
Key Engineering Materials Submitted: 2017-09-15
ISSN: 1662-9795, Vol. 766, pp 145-150 Revised: 2017-11-16
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.766.145 Accepted: 2017-12-19
© 2018 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Online: 2018-04-13
All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of Trans
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