International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS) [Vol-7, Issue-2, Feb- 2020] https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.72.20 ISSN: 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O www.ijaers.com Page | 144 Plant Extracts and Pesticides for the management of the American Serpentine Leafminer (Liriomyza trifolii) Luan Italo Rebouças Rocha 1 , Dirceu Pratissoli 1 , Alixelhe Pacheco Damascena 1 , Luis Moreira de Araujo Júnior 1 , José Romário de Carvalho 1 , Luiza Akemi GonçalvesTamashiro 1 , Regiane Cristina Oliveira de Freitas Bueno 2 1 Department of Agronomy, Center of Agrarian Sciences and Engineering, Espírito Santo Federal University, Alto Universitário, s/n, Guararema, 29.500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil. 2 Department of Crop Protection, School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University, Campus of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – UNESP. Av. Universitária, 3780 - Altos do Paraíso, Fazenda Experimental Lageado - Botucatu/SP - CEP 18610-034, Brazil. Abstract— Pesticides have been the most common method for management in the control of Liriomyza trifolli. However, some plants produce substracts with pesticide potential and could be used for the management of this pest. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the pesticide potential of tobacco, pepper, castor beans, and garlic extracts in the management of L. trifolli, comparing them to commercial pesticides (Milbeknock® and Vertimec®). The extracts were tested at a concentration of 2.5 mL/100mL of water and pesticides in the concentrations recommended by the manufacturer. The extracts were applied to 10 tomato plants (50 days after sowing), previously submitted to an infestation of L. trifolli for 4 hours. The assessments were initiated one day after pulverization, counting the presence of miners in the leaves, number of alive and dead larvae and the viability of pupae. To assess the effects of the extracts and the pesticides on larval phase, tomato plants with the same characteristics of the previous experiment were submitted to an infestation of the pest for 4 hours. After 72 hours, the extracts and pesticides were pulverized at its respective concentrations. The larval, pupae, and total mortality data were subject to variance analysis, regression, and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. It was found that the pesticide Vertimec® was efficient in the management of L. trifolli both when applied over eggs and larvae. However, among the tested extracts, the garlic extract was more efficient on eggs and larvae, becoming a promising and viable alternative to the management of L. trifolli. Keywords— Phytosanitary management, Solanum lycopersicon, Pesticide plants, Pest insects, Integrated management. I. INTRODUCTION With a higher demand for healthy foods, research has been developed aiming to find alternative pest management. Besides, the continuous and indiscriminate use of pesticides has led to a number of serious problems related to human and animal health (Perez & Iannacone 2006; Wamser et al., 2008). Pesticides have been the most commonly used method for management by producers in controlling the American serpentine leafminer (Liriomyza trifolli) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) (Wamser et al., 2008). On the other hand, plants have been studied for their capacity to produce substracts with pesticide potential, especially those in the Solanaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Liliaceae, Meliaceae families, which have pesticide potential. Among those plants, the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), the habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.), the castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) and the garlic (Allium sativum L.) have been highlighted for having composts with pesticide properties (Yang et al., 2017). Therefore, studies with biopesticides based on plant extracts had shown promising results in pest management. Moreover, the development of new pesticide molecules by using secondary metabolites in plants may also offer repellent action in oviposition of pests (Pavela, 2016). Even though there viability for biopesticides using plant extracts, studies must be conducted since those vegetal origin products present limitations such as photosensitivity, temperature, humidity, and problems in active ingredient concentrations in plants (Machado et al., 2007).