https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206320906883
Journal of Management
Vol. XX No. X, Month XXXX 1–34
DOI: 10.1177/0149206320906883
© The Author(s) 2020
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1
Serving You Depletes Me? A Leader-Centric
Examination of Servant Leadership Behaviors
Chenwei Liao
Hun Whee Lee*
Russell E. Johnson
Michigan State University
Szu-Han (Joanna) Lin**
University of Massachusetts Amherst
Leader behaviors are dynamic and vary over time, and leaders’ actions at a given time can have
ramifications for their subsequent behavior. Taking such a dynamic perspective on leader
behaviors, we examined daily servant leadership behavior and its downstream effects on the
leaders themselves from a within-person self-regulation perspective. Results from two experi-
ence sampling studies consistently revealed that engaging in daily servant leadership behavior
can come at a cost for the leaders. Specifically, for leaders who are low in perspective taking,
engaging in servant leadership behavior was associated with increases in same-day depletion
and next-day withdrawal from their leadership role (i.e., greater laissez-faire behavior).
However, for leaders who frequently exercise perspective taking, engaging in daily servant
leadership behavior was instead associated with decreases in depletion and subsequent laissez-
faire behavior, suggesting that servant leadership behaviors are replenishing for these individu-
als. Experience in perspective taking is therefore a key individual difference that determines
whether enacting servant leadership behavior is beneficial or detrimental for leaders. We dis-
cuss theoretical and practical implications of our findings and provide avenues for future lead-
ership research.
Keywords: servant leadership behavior; self-control depletion; experience sampling
* Hun Whee Lee is now affiliated with The Ohio State University.
**Szu-Han (Joanna) Lin is now affiliated with University of Georgia.
Corresponding author: Chenwei Liao, School of Human Resources and Labor Relations, Michigan State University,
368 Farm Lane, S429 South Kedzie, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Email: cliao@msu.edu
906883JOM XX X 10.1177/0149206320906883Journal of ManagementLiao et al. / Short Title
research-article 2020