International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017), e-ISSN: 2455-2585 Volume 6, Issue 1, January -2020 IJTIMES-2020@All rights reserved 9 Forensic Study and Review of Some Structural Failures -Case Studies Mohammad Farhan Shaikh 1 , Raana Pathak 2 , Ankur Pandey 3 1 M.Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering, SVVV University Indore, 2 Asst. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SVVV University Indore, 3 Asst. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SVVV University Indore, Abstract— Structural failure happens when the material of the structure is stressed to its strength limit which causes extreme deformation and fracture. Structural failure can be prevented by proper design and by studying the causes of past failures. The cause of failures helps to avoid mistakes which led to that type of failure and this mistake helps in further construction. This paper includes case studies and their causes of failures. It includes four case studies of RC and masonry building, In which one case study of truss bridge and one of cold-formed steel structure. All the structures collapse during years 2018-19. Keywords— Forensic Engineering, Collapse, Structures, Structural Failure. I. INTRODUCTION Forensic structural engineering is a multi-disciplinary process for investigating and reporting the cause of engineering problems which may have legal ramifications. Forensic Structural engineering can be defined as the profession of investigation the cause of failure of constructed premises. It involves simulating the structure as it is built and attempt to identify the cause of failure of a structure. It is the application of engineering principles to the investigation of failures or other performance problems. It also involves testimony on the findings of these investigations before a court of law or other judicial forum, when required. Failure describes every unacceptable difference between actual and intended performance. Failures of structures occur all over the world, but the practice of forensic engineering is only organized in some countries. Best known examples are the United Kingdom (ICE, IStrucE, Structural-Safety) and the US (ASCE and TCFE). A survey among IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering) member countries leads to the conclusion that only one-third of the countries have some sort of central obligatory protocol for forensic structural engineering. In most countries, the investigation process is developed and determined on company level. II. NEED OF FORENSIC INVESTIGATION Forensic investigations may be conducted to identify the cause or causes of failure like (when, why, how, where did the failure occur) to facilitate the design of proper repairs, or to improve the performance or lifespan of a component, assembly, or structure. Investigations may also be conducted to avoid repeating the mistakes that led to the failure as well as aid in the determination of liability in legal proceedings. Providing expert services to assist the legal process may involve determining the facts surrounding an accident, including the cause or causes of a failure, as well as the identification of the responsible parties. III. CASE STUDIES Case study demonstrates that flaws in design, discrepancies in design drawings, unsafe construction practices, and/or lack of communication between engineer and contractor may lead to serious consequences, such as structural failure and fatali ty. In this section four case studies are presented. The first one is the failure of truss bridge, while the second one is failure of steel structure and third and fourth one are the failure of load bearing structure. This paper presents case studies of four major structural disasters, the 2019 mumbai foot overbridge collapse, Logi park cold store collapse, MS Hotel collapse and collapse of school building. Each case study (1) Sumarizes the causes of collapse; (2) Factors that lead to collapse (3) Witness review about the collapse.(4) Observations from the collapse.