© 2019 Estonian Literary Museum, Estonian National Museum, University of Tartu
ISSN 1736-6518 (print), ISSN 2228-0987 (online)
29
Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics 13 (1): 29–49
DOI: 10.2478/jef-2019-0003
FOLK-TALE NETWORKS: A STATISTICAL
APPROACH TO COMBINATIONS OF TALE TYPES*
JULIEN D ’HUY
PhD reseacher
African Worlds Institute (IMAF)
Centre Malher 9, rue Malher
75004 Paris, France
e-mail: dhuy.julien@yahoo.fr
ABSTRACT
This paper is an atempt to study combinations of tale types using a networks
approach and calculating the centrality index of each type (degree, betweenness,
eigenvector centrality). The network of tale types seems to take the form of a ‘small
world’ with a few types serving as bridges between highly connected sets of tale
types. The centrality of each type also seems to depend more on its age than on
how widespread it is.
KEYWORDS : tales of magic • tale types • combinations • network • centrality
INTRODUCTION
A tale type is a particular narrative schema in which episodes and narrative motifs are
organised in a sufciently stable way. It is above all a tool for classifying and study-
ing oral transmission stories, i.e. in the Aarne–Thompson–Uther (ATU) classifcation.
The tale type system is very useful for thinking about folk tales in general because
it allows structure where diversity would otherwise only be apparent. Yet folk tales
are rarely pure and rarely belong to a clearly determined type. The folklorist François-
Marie Luzel (1887: 418) said:
I have reproduced these [i.e. the stories] exactly as I have collected them, in order
to give an idea of the way certain storytellers, believing to increase the interest of
their tales, modify and mix them, to please the listeners. The more a tale is long and
flled with marvels and tests, and the more it has of success, usually, to the public of
the winter evenings. The longer the tale and the more it is flled with marvels and
tests, the more successful it usually is at the audience of winter evenings.
* The author thanks the reviewers for their constructive comments which greatly contributed
to improving this paper, as well as the editorial team of the Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics for
their invaluable work during the editing process.