IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS) e-ISSN: 2320–1959.p- ISSN: 2320–1940 Volume 9, Issue 1 Ser. XI. (Jan - Feb. 2020), PP 33-46 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/1959-0901113346 www.iosrjournals.org 33 | Page Effect of Instructional Guideline on Fertility Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitude regarding Invitro Fertilization Azza Fouad Mohammed El-Adham 1 , Rabaa Elsayed Shaban 2 1 Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Tanta Egypt 2 Lecturer of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Tanta University Egypt Corresponding Author: Azza Fouad Mohammed El-Adham Abstract Invitro Fertilization Technique is one of the greatest successful forms of assisted reproductive technologies today that can help infertile couple to get an integrated family. Fertility nurses play important role in caring of patients undergoing invitro fertilization (IVF). Most of them lack knowledge and skills in the area of embryology and genetic counseling of IVF partners. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of instructional guideline on nurses’ knowledge and attitude regarding invitro fertilization. Subjects and methods: A quasi experimental research design was used to conduct this study. The study was carried out at one university hospital (Fertility Unit at Tanta University Educational Hospital) and three private fertility centers (Fertility Egyptian Consultants Center in Tanta city, Koreat Eain for Fertility and Helm Elomoma Center in El-Mehall El-kopra) affiliated to El-Gharbia Governorate, Egypt. The subjects of this study consisted of all nurses (45 nurses) who are working in the previously mentioned settings. Two tools were used for data collection: Tool I part I socio-demographic characteristics of nurses, part II nurse’s knowledge interview questionnaire and tool II attitude of nurses toward invitro fertilization questionnaire. Result: The study confirmed that all nurses (100%) had low level of knowledge and 86.7% of them had negative attitude regarding invitro fertilization before the educational intervention, while all of them (100%) had high level of knowledge and 80.0% had positive attitude immediately after the intervention. Conclusions: The instructional guideline significantly affects nurses’ knowledge and attitude regarding invitro fertilization. Recommendations: Increased knowledge about invitro fertilization will improve nurses' attitudes. So, this study recommends that invitro fertilization should be included in maternity nursing curriculums. It should also be provided as in-service refreshment topic for nurses who are working in fertility units and centers either in educational, governmental or private sectors to improve their knowledge, attitude, self-confidence and comfort augmented by communications skills to discuss sensitive topics related to invitro fertilization with their clients. Keywords: Instructional Guideline, Knowledge, Attitude, Invitro Fertilization. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 29-01-2020 Date of Acceptance: 14-02-2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Introduction In-vitro fertilization (IVF) is a sophisticated process by which a mature ovum is fertilized by a healthy sperm outside the body. IVF is the advanced clinical treatment for infertility, when other techniques of assisted reproductive technology had been failed [1] . The first success of the IVF technique occurs in 1976 resulted in ectopic pregnancy. While, the first baby from IVF named Louise Brown, was born in 25 July 1978 in London [2] . IVF in the Arab world especially in Egypt faces some issues of resistance because of the cultural, social, religious, financial limitations, and other problems [3] . The World Health Organization (WHO) states that approximately 8- 10% of couples face infertility problem. Infertility is not a disease but a health problem [4] . IVF can help infertile couple to have a baby when other treatments fail. IVF is not the first option for treatment of infertility because it is an invasive and costly procedure [5]. IVF technique is one of the highest successful forms of assisted reproductive technologies today that can help infertile couple to get an integrated family, but the rate of IVF success varies. According to the American Pregnancy Association, birth rate for women under age 35 undergoing IVF is 41 to 43%, while this rate falls to 13 to 18 % for women with the of 40 years or older [5,6]. IVF is indicated for treatment of males 'unexplained infertility, blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, reduced ovarian function, and fertility in women over the age of 40 and for males' associated with low motility and low sperm count or sperm shape abnormality. IVF is also used for treatment of repeated failure of intrauterine insemination or other methods