Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3 Applied Physics A (2020) 126:193 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-3337-7 Design and fabrication of PDMS microfuidics device for rapid and label‑free DNA detection Adilah Ayoib 1  · Uda Hashim 1  · Subash C. B. Gopinath 1,2  · V. Thivina 1  · M. K. Md Arshad 1 Received: 5 December 2019 / Accepted: 23 January 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Abstract Microfuidics explores the manipulation of fuid in small volume, a multidisciplinary feld is imperative for DNA extraction. This study ofers a simple yet substantial methodology for the fabrication of microfuidics structure-based polydimethylsi- loxane (PDMS) biopolymer on a glass substrate with SU-8 photoresist for label-free detection of pathogenic genomic DNA. Two microfuidics designs for DNA detection were based on AutoCAD software, both contain two inlets and one outlet, with dimensions of 28 mm wide, and 18 mm long, and total surface area of 504 mm 2 . The designs were patterned in such particular sizes and dimensions to test fuid delivery and enhancement in biochemical processes in DNA extraction, while maintaining economical values as a disposable chip. Both microfuidics devices showed no leakage during fuid delivery, have heights of 97.97 and 103.44 μm, and surface roughness of 0.15 and 0.07 μm, respectively. DNA extraction from pathogenic fungus Ganoderma boninense was run on PDMS microfuidic device and UV–Vis analysis confrmed successful extrac- tion with peaks found at 260–280 nm. Current–voltage (I–V) measurement confrmed the accuracy of microfuidic device for the specifc pathogen with both real and synthetic samples of G. boninense illustrating the similar graph values of only 0.000005 A diference at 1.0 V after hybridization. Keywords Microfuidics · Biosensor · Lab-on-a-chip · μTAS · DNA extraction · Ganoderma boninense 1 Introduction Despite over four decades since microfuidics was frst dem- onstrated in a miniature gas analysis system by Stephen C. Terry from Stanford University [1], the technology was not further developed until the 1990s where expansion of inter- ests of diferent branches of science; namely in molecular biology, especially genomics, including extrapolation of research in DNA and proteins have stipulated the exponen- tial growth of advancement in microfuidics. This includes prominent works by Manz, Harrison, Ramsey, Waters, and Ramsey [2–9] where the automated system for performing extensive range of consequent analyses in aqueous solution were originally set in motion that later became the frontier in biochip technology. Other works from the 1990s that frst introduced the soft lithography and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) also bore major contributions to miniaturize the total chemical analysis systems (μTAS) [10–12]. Since then, more works on microfuidics have been expanded and applied in microfabrication techniques as well as in the felds of microbiological assays that involve very small volumes of aqueous settings, microfuidics device-based extraction sys- tem on-chip, and point-of-care diagnostic systems [13–15]. While early structure was stemmed from microelectronics due to the highly developed photolithography and etching of silicon and glass at the time, recent developments of microfuidics systems expanded into the newer materials, especially PDMS. Due to its inexpensive nature and high biocompatibility compared to its predecessors, PDMS as biopolymer material for microfuidics fabrication ofers non- toxic alternative for biological samples, and excellent fdel- ity of the reproduction by replica molding at micron scale. PDMS also works well with aqueous media in microchannel systems as it provides high transparency making it easier for optical detections at 240–1100 nm. Although glass systems have proved successful in separation of nucleic acids such * Uda Hashim uda@unimap.edu.my 1 Ganoderma Research Group, Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Malaysia 2 School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. Rights reserved.