ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE HANDLING USING
A SIMPLE TRACK MODEL OF AUTOMOBILE
Abdussalam Ali Ahmed
Mechanical Engineering Department
Bani Waleed University
Bani Waleed, Libya
abd112890@yahoo.com
Mustafa Emheisen
Electrical Engineering department
Bani Waleed University
Bani Waleed, Libya
mustafaalwafi@yahoo.com
Abstract— This paper obtains a simplified modelling and
simulation for investigation of the behavior of vehicle handling
and stability using the automobile single track model. Two
control technologies were used in this paper which are the
traditional PID control and Fuzzy PID control. To reach the
desired results of this paper, full control system must construct
which contains linear single-track model of vehicle, nonlinear
single-track model, and control method. One driving condition
is performed which is the steering input, the steering input in
this work is set as step steering angle and a lane change
maneuver. The simulation results of this paper show that, the
constructed control systems for vehicle models used were
successful to achieve better vehicle handling and stability.
Keywords— Single track model, Vehicle stability, PID
controller, Fuzzy PID control.
I. INTRODUCTION
Vehicles are becoming more frequently performance
throughout the years, it is obvious that their design procedure
require a better knowledge of their performance and
behavior. One of the important ways to get that knowledge
how to use the mathematical models, which describe the
vehicle behavior when given relevant parameters. Knowing
of these parameters is very important to run the mathematical
models, and to get the expected results [1].
The handling of motored vehicles is one of most
important factors because of roads safety. There are a quite
variety methods for analyses management of performance,
such as objective measurements or analysis of vehicle
behavior due to a driving maneuver. these methods are
effective to demonstrating an existing vehicle, but
simultaneously they are not appropriate in the first part of
designing stage of vehicles development, when there is no
actual vehicle to run. Furthermore, the earlier potential issues
of safety are discovered, the funds and lower that are
subsequently needed to redress them.
A procedure which is able to give a detailed analysis of
the handling characteristics in the design stage of a new
vehicle is the mathematical model. Moreover, the diagnosis
of the potential handling trouble using simulations requires
less time. In the past, many differences of a handling models
have been obtained in the literature, with an emphasis being
mostly put on improvements of the vehicle single-track
model, discover of `new factors that affecting driving
stability.
This paper presents a mathematical model of vehicle
which includes a small number of the parameters using
simple track model of vehicle [2].
In this article, the PID controller and fuzzy PID controller
are introduced for vehicle yaw rate control. The non-linear
track model is used as a vehicle plant and linearization of
nonlinear track model is utilized for the controller design. To
evaluate the controllers performance, the maneuvers vehicle
handling test are performed in MATLAB simulations.
In vehicle dynamic studies, the classical single track
model as shown in Fig 1 is prominently used for yaw
stability control analysis.
Fig. 1. Single track model (bicycle model).
The single track model uses for controllers design and the
analysis of yaw stability control prominently. According to
some assumptions, linearize the actual model of the vehicle
is investigated, these assumptions are: the vehicle moves on
flat road (planar motion), the tires forces operate in a linear
region, and the left and the right tires at the rear and front
axle are lumped together.
TABLE I NOMRNCLATURE USED.
C.G. Center of gravity
Inertial frame of
reference
V Vehicle velocity at c.g.
Chassis fixed frame of
reference
Vehicle side slip angle
Velocity at center of
front tire
Distance between front axle
and c.g
Velocity at center of
rear tire
Distance between rear axle
and c.g
Front tire side slip
angle
Front tire lateral force
Rear tire side slip
angle angle
Rear tire lateral force
Front tire velocity
angle with X axis
Front tire steering angle
Rear tire velocity
angle with X axis
Rear tire steering angle ψ Yaw angle
2019 19th international conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic
control & computer engineering (STA), Sousse, Tunisia, March 24-26, 2019
STA2019_Paper_131_CEV
978-1-7281-1291-6/19/$31.00 ©2019 IEEE 140