Pergamon J. Aerosol Sci. Vol. 28, Suppl. 1, pp. $651-$652, 1997
©1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
Printed in Great Britain
Pli:S0021-8502(97)00374-1 ~21-85cr~7 ,nT.~.~
HIGH STOKES NUMBER PARTICULATE DEPOSIT GROWTH
DYNAMICS ON A CYLINDER IN CROSS-FLOW
Margaritis Kostoglou and Athanasios G. Konstandopoulos °
Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas
Chemical Process Engineering Research Institute
PO Box 361,Thermi 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
KEYWORDS
Particle deposition, inertial impaction, interfacial dynamics, fouling
INTRODUCTION
Formation of particulate deposits is of interest to various engineering areas such as: fouling
of surfaces exposed to the flow of ash-laden combustion gases, filtration and preparation of
coatings in materials processing. Prediction and control of deposit growth rates, morphology and
properties are essential in these processes e.g. for optimal powerplant maintenance planning in the
former case, or for adjusting process conditions to achieve desired product specifications in the
latter. Deposit accumulation on surfaces is a complex issue involving interrelations between
particle properties, transport phenomena and particle-surface interactions. In such cases, the
asymptotic solution of prototypical problems is an important step in our effort towards the
understanding of the process. Accordingly, in the present work we address the problem of
predicting the shape evolution of deposits created by high Stokes number inertial impaction of
particles on a cylinder in cross-flow.
METHODS
Particle transport and deposition is assumed to be caused by momentum non-equilibrium
(measured by the particle Stokes number, Stk) between the suspended particles and the host gas
flow past a "distorted" cylinder with a growing deposit on it. By confining our attention to the
limit of high-Stk we can to a first approximation uncouple particle transport to the surface from the
dynamics of deposit growth. In this limit particles "travel" on linear trajectories starting far from
the cylinder and reach the evolving deposit surface with little change of their velocity. Impact
geometry (i.e. angle of incidence) is however determined by the local orientation of the evolving
deposit "surface".
Upon impact with the existing deposit on the cylinder, a particle may either stick or
rebound, possibly undergo secondary collisions with the "rough" deposit surface and then either
re-enter the gas stream or be re-deposited at a different location from the initial impact point. In
addition, if its impact velocity is sufficiently high it may cause deposit erosion by re-entraining
predeposited particles in the flow. An understanding of the complexity of these interactions has
been gained through the use of 3-D, off-lattice, discrete particle dynamics simulations and
continuum level interfacial growth dynamics computations [1-5] which have resulted in
micromechanically-based dimensionless correlations for the local sticking fraction of impacting
particles S (an exponentially decaying function of dimensionless impact velocity modulus, V, and
angle, ~0), and the microstructure of the resulting deposits, including their porosity, e (an
increasing function of t 0 and decreasing function of V~). Impact velocity v, is rendered
dimensionless. (Vi = vi/v,,t) by dividing by the critical velocity for rebound, vent which is a material
parameter depending in its simplest form on particle size, mechanical moduli and surface energies
of incident and target particle (see e.g. [6]). Local deposit erosion fraction, E is presently calculated
from dimensionless correlations of the "separable" form: E = fl V, nf(tp) (cf. [7]) for V~ above a
certain threshold that signals the onset of erosion.
*Corresponding author. Fax: + 30 31 980-180. E-mail: agk@aliakmon.cperi.forth.gr
$651