Dynamic Tensile Properties of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete
R. Chen
1*
, Y Liu
2
, X. Guo
2
, K. Xia
3
, and F. Lu
1
1. College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, 410073 Changsha, P.R. China
2. National Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081
Beijing, P.R. China
3. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A4
ABSTRACT: This paper presents experimental results on three kinds of concretes, plain concrete (PC), 1.5% and 3% steel
fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC), subjected to dynamic tensile loading. The cylinder splitting (Brazilian disc) specimens are
loaded by a modified Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) with various loading rates (100~500 GPa/s). From the
experiments it is found that there is a significant enhancement in tensile strength with increasing loading rates. Crack gauges
mounted on the specimen showed that the average fracture velocity of 3% SFRC during the test is 730 m/s whereas that of
PC is 790 m/s. Both the tensile stress history and the recovered specimen have demonstrated that SFRC has superior
resistance to crack initiation and crack propagation as compared with PC.
Keywords: Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC); Brazilian Disc; SHPB; Fracture velocity
INTRODUCTION
Fiber reinforcement is one of the most important modification methods to alter the brittle nature of plain concrete (PC). The
use of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) has been continuously increasing during the past decades because of its
enhancement of material performance in toughness and crack control [1]. With the addition of steel fibers, SFRC shows an
enormous increase in strength, toughness, and ductility from static mechanical tests [2]. As a result, SFRC has been widely
used in many civil engineering structures. However due to its limitations in the flexibility and resistance to shrinkage
cracking, it has been rarely used in bridge pavement.
The success of SFRC in structural engineering has encouraged the development of newer high performance materials for
critical infrastructures subjected to extreme loadings. Among these loading cases, intense dynamic loading is a unique one
because of the worldwide increase of terrorist attacks against civilian targets. It is thus critical to better understand the impact
resistance of SFRC and methods to enhance its performance under such loadings [3].
Over the past few years, significant progress has been made in the characterization of dynamic properties of SFRC [4-7].
However, the tensile strength has rarely been measured. It is thus the objective of this work to quantify the dynamics tensile
behaviour of PC and SFRC. We use the Brazilian disc sample and apply the dynamic load with a modified split Hopkinson
pressure bar (SHPB) system. The influence of the loading rate and fiber volume fraction on dynamic tensile strength is
studied. To illustrate the tensile failure process, crack velocities are monitored.
EXPERIMENT
Sample preparation and geometry
The concrete matrixes were designed for accommodating the volume fraction (V
f
) of 0, 1.5% and 3% of steel fibers. The
following materials were used in the fabrication of SFRC specimens: tap water, cement, steel fiber, standard sand, Silica
fume, fly ash, water reducer and steel fiber. Tables 1 and 2 present the properties of raw material and the compositions of
each component.
*
Corresponding author. Tel: +8673184573276; fax: +8673184573297.
E-mail address:R_Chen@nudt.edu.cn
T. Proulx (ed.), Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Volume 1, Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series 99, 37
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-0216-9_5, © The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc. 2011