[ VOLUME 6 I ISSUE 2 I APRIL– JUNE 2019] E ISSN 2348 –1269, PRINT ISSN 2349-5138 240 IJRAR- International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews Research Paper Phytochemical screening, Antibacterial andAntioxidant activity of Azolla pinnata M.A. Farook*, H.S. Muthu Mohamed, G. Santhosh Kumar, S. Subash, M. Paranjothi, V. Muhammed Naveez, M. Naveen Kumar, K. Muhammed Shariq and I. Aadil Ahmed. Department of Biotechnology, Islamiah College (Autonomous), Vaniyambadi – 635 752 Received: February 12, 2019 Accepted: March 27, 2019 ABSTRACT: Azolla pinnata is an aquatic nitrogen fixing pteridophyte commonly found in aquatic habitat. In the present study, the phytochemical analysis showed thatAlkaloids, phenol, terpenoids and oxalate are present in four solvent extracts except water. Carbohydrate is absent in benzene but present in all other extracts. Flavonoids present in acetone and water extract, saponin is present in methanol and water extract.Ethanol and water extract exhibited the presence of anthocyanin, except benzene and methanol other extracts contain Coumarin. The phytochemicals tannins, Phlobatanins and glycosides are absent in all the solvent extracts of A. pinnata. This study was carried out against the various extracts namely Acetone, Benzene, Ethanol, Methanol and Water of Azolla pinnata for its antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The zone of inhibition S. areus (13 mm), P. aeruginosa (10 mm)for Acetone extract, S. areus (12 mm), P. aeruginosa (8 mm) for Benzene Extract, P. aeruginosa (12 mm), S. areus (9 mm) for Ethanol extract, S. areus (12 mm), P. aeruginosa (11 mm) for Methanol extract are observed and there is no activity for the Water extract of A. pinnata.The antioxidant activity of A. pinnata solvents extracts was more to the Ethanol followed by Methanol, Acetone, Benzene and Water sample. The results of the study indicate that the Azolla pinnata possesses phyto-constituents having antibacterial activity and thus if can be utilized as a natural plant based antimicrobial. Key Words: Azolla pinnata, phytochemical analysis, Extracts, Acetone, Benzene, Ethanol, Methanol. 1. INTRODUCTION Plants are mainly multicellular organisms.The plants from clade viridiplantae, group that includes flowering plants, ferns, conifer gymnospermsand green algae. There are about 320 thousands species of plants, and 260-290 thousands are seeded plants. Green plants provide gradual proportion of world molecular oxygen. Plants produce grains,fruits,flowers and vegetables for human basics foods. Plants have many cultural uses as ornaments, building materials,writing materialsand in great variety that have source of medicines and psychoactive drug. Most of plants obtain the energy through photosynthesis using sun light,water and carbon di oxide to synthesize food.Plants synthesize lot of bioactive compounds for functions including defense against Bacteria, Virus, insects, fungi, diseases. Many phytochemicals with potential or established biological activity have been identified. Further the phytochemical contents and pharmacological actions, of many plants are offering medicinal potential for scientific research.The Food and Agriculture Organization estimated in 2002 that over 50,000 medicinal plants are used across world. The Royal Botanic Gardens, estimated in 2016 that 17,810 plant species have a medicinal use, out of some 30,000 plants is documented. In India, where Ayurveda has been practiced for centuries, herbal remedies are the responsibility of government department AYUSH under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare.Azolla is classified under pteridophytes,Azolla pinnata is species of fern known as several common name such as mosquitofern, feather mosquito fern and water velvet. It is mostly grow in Africa, Asia (India, China, Japan, Korea and Philippines) and some parts of Australia. It is aquatic habitat plant floating on the surface of the water. It grows in quiet and slow moving water but not in the running water. It is small fern with triangular measuring up to 2.5 cm in length. They are green, blue green or dark red colour and coated with tiny hairs. The tiny hairs of the plant are responsible for the velvet appearance and make the top surface of the leaf as water repellent. The hair like roots extended into the water. The leaves contain Cynobacterium anabaena azollae which is symbiotic that fixes nitrogen from the atmosphere then the fern can use. This gives the fern ability to grow in habitats that are low in nitrogen. Sometimes rice farmers keep this plant in paddy field because it generates valuable nitrogen via its symbiotic Cyanobacteria. The plant can grow in wet soil generating a good amount of nitrogen rich fertilizer. It has ability to absorb a certain amount of heavy metal pollutant such as lead from contaminated water. It contains 25-30% of protein and also used as food for chicken. In recent studies,Azolla pinnata can clean up the environmental pollutants. Azolla pinnataare small free-floating aquatic Pteridophytes of Azollaceae, with a distribution on tropical,