Mohd Firdaus Mohd Ab Halim et al.,International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 9(2), March - April 2020, 2422 – 2430 2422 Flux Switching Machine: Design Variation Review Mohd Firdaus Mohd Ab Halim , 1,2 , Erwan Sulaiman 1 , R. N. F. K. R. Othman 3 1 Research Centre for Applied Electromagnetics, Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, UniversitiTun Hussein Onn Malaysia Malaysia, erwan@uthm.edu.my 2 FakultiTeknologiKejuruteraanElektrik&Elektronik, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia, Malaysia. mohd.firdaus@utem.edu.my 3 Centre for Robotics & Industrial Automation, FakultiKejuruteraanElektrik, UniversitiTeknikal Malaysia, Malaysia. norfirdaus@utem.edu.my ABSTRACT Flux switching machine (FSM) offer advantages such as high torque density, high speed capability, ease of control, low vibration and low acoustic noise compared to competing machine. However, this machine produce high cogging torque, high leakage current and complexity in flux weakening capability design. Many researches focus on tackling these limitations but there is limited review dedicate on the design variation. This paper attempts to review the latest design variation in Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Machine (PMFSM). The review includes slot-rotor pole study, stator structure, rotor structure and special structure with different approach to reduce drawback in PMFSM. This literature review’s motivation was to identify areas where the PMFSM need more focus and apply method employ in one structure to another structure to increase the performance of PMFSM. Based on the literature review, 65% of PMFSM design was focus on inner rotor structure while partitioned stator were the least at 11%. Keywords: Flux switching machine, machine design, torque density, torque constant, finite element, electromagnetics 1.INTRODUCTION Flux switching machine (FSM) offer advantages such as high torque density, high speed capability, ease of control, low vibration and low acoustic noise compared to competing machine.FSM is not only capable of delivering mechanical rotation but also can be used as auxiliary power unit or wind generator [1]–[3].Motor that excites on the stator could be the next candidate for electrical vehicle propulsion because it has no active part on the rotor. A comparison between three- phase Double Salient Permanent Magnet Motor (DPSM) and Flux Switching Motor (FSM) yield an advantage towards FSM notably in the phase flux-linkage [4]. FSM is a combination of the switched reluctance motor and the inductor alternator. The first PMFSM motor was introduced in[5] in 1999. The motivation of this invention is to introduce simplicity in motor design and power electronics controller. Besides that, it has the ability to achieve high torque density, flux weakening capability and simple thermal management[6]. In later study [7], due to rapid design evolution in automotive industry, mechanically driven auxiliaries were being substituted by electrically driven equipment for example water pumps, steering system, heating, ventilation and air- conditioning. Brushless dc motor, induction motor and switched reluctance motor were chosen but it comes with a relatively costly power electronic motor drive. Numerous new FSM machine topologies have been developed over the last decade [8], [9]. This machine provides essentially sinusoidal back-EMF and high torque at low speed. Furthermore, it can be used successfully in harsh operating environments, such as aerospace, automotive, marine and wind energy applications[10], [11] parallel to the advancement in energy storage[12], [13]. Many study has categorized this machine into three main classes[14]–[18] based on its excitation source. Permanent magnet flux switching machine (PMFSM), Field Excitation Machine (FEFSM) or Wound Field and Hybrid excitation machine(HEFSM). As the name suggest, the constant field for PMSM is coming from permanent magnet for PMSM, direct current for FEFSM and the combination of both source to create the constant field for HEFSM. This paper attempts to review the latest design variation in Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Machine (PMFSM). The review includes slot-rotor pole study, stator structure, rotor structure and special structure with different approach to reduce drawback in PMFSM. This literature review motivation was to identify areas where the PMFSM need more focus and apply method employ in one structure to another structure to increase the performance of PMFSM. 2. PERMANENT MAGNET FLUX SWITCHING MACHINE 2.1 Significance of PMFSM PMFSM is the most studied machine in FSM family mainly because the inclusion of magnet as the field source increases the motor overall efficiency. In general, the performance of ISSN 2278-3091 Volume 9 No.2, March - April 2020 International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering Available Online at http://www.warse.org/IJATCSE/static/pdf/file/ijatcse228922020.pdf https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2020/228922020