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SCIENTIFIC CULTURE, Vol. 6, No. 2, (2020), pp. 73-86
Open Access. Online & Print
Copyright:© 2020.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Li-
cense.(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3724849
CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES OF CLAYS
FOR THE ARCHAEOMETRIC STUDY
OF ANCIENT CERAMICS: A REVIEW
Xanthopoulou V.
1,2
, Iliopoulos I.
1,3
and Liritzis I.
4
1
Department of Geology, University of Patras, Greece
2
Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Patras, Greece
3
ERAAUB, Facultat de Geografia i Història, Departament d'Història i Arqueologia,
Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
4
Laboratory of Achaeometry, Department of Mediterranean Studies, University of the Aegean, Rhodes,
Greece
Received: 17/02/2020
Accepted: 30/04/2020 Corresponding author: V.Xanthopoulou (vxanthopoulou@upatras.gr)
ABSTRACT
The provenance of ceramic artefacts is one of the fundamental issues in ceramic analysis and is related to the
location a ceramic object was produced or manufactured. This, in turn, refers to the clay source from where
the ancient potter exploited their ceramic raw material. Being aware of the local geology is crucial to the
identification of potential raw materials for the ceramic manufacturing. Thorough examination of clays in
terms of composition, plastic behavior, shrinkage and particle size, is necessary for the evaluation of their
suitability for ceramic production. A combination of several analytical techniques can contribute to the iden-
tification and characterization of a ceramic raw material. The choice of the proper ones depends on different
factors, such as precision, cost, time, expertise, availability and the way a researcher would combine them.
The present study aims to unfold the criteria of clay sampling and investigate the appropriateness of the
most relevant analytical techniques for the fully characterization of ceramic raw materials and thereafter
provenance of ceramics made from them.
KEYWORDS: ceramic raw material, clays, physical properties, mineralogy, analytical techniques