#NeuroPainRehab 60 th #eNewsSomatosens 2019 16(2) 52 Joshua Samuel Rajkumar 4 , Claude J. Spicher 5 , Deepak Sharan 6 Introduction Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a type of regional Soft Tissue Pain syndrome (STP) with the presence of Trigger Points (TrPs) giving rise to local or referred pain limited over a specific region or quadrant of the body. Myofascial pain may arise independent of other pain generators (primary myofascial pain) or can often coexist with or is secondary to other acute and chronic painful musculoskeletal conditions. One of the commonest co-existing condition with MPS is Neuropathic Pain (NP), which is an acute or chronic pain syndrome in which the mechanism that sustains the pain is inferred to involve aberrant somatosensory processing in the peripheral nervous system or central nervous system. In neuropathic myofascial pain, structural factors exist as well, such as muscle shortening, degraded and weakened collagen, and trophic changes that contribute to the pain. 1 Somatosensory System The somatosensory system allows for the perception of touch, pressure, pain, temperature, position, movement and vibration. Lesions or diseases of the somatosensory nervous system can lead to altered and disordered transmission of sensory signals into the spinal cord and the brain. Patients typically experience a distinct set of symptoms, such as burning and electrical- like sensations, and pain resulting from non-painful stimulations (such as light touching). The symptoms persist and have a tendency to become chronic and respond less to pain medications. Sleep disturbances, anxiety and depression are frequent and severe in patients with neuropathic pain, and quality of life is more impaired in patients with chronic neuropathic pain. 4 Address correspondence author: Consultant Physiotherapist, CSTP ® and Manager – Research & Development, RECOUP Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Centre, Bengaluru 560108, KA, India. e-mail: joshphysiotherapist@yahoo.com joshua.physio@hotmail.com 5 Scientific collaborator, Platform of Translational Neurosciences, Department of Neurosciences and Movement Sciences, Faculty of Sciences & Medicine, University of Freiburg & Somatosensory Rehabilitation Centre ; Clinique Générale ; Freiburg (Switzerland). 6 Orthopaedic Surgeon, CSTP ® and Medical Director, RECOUP Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Centre, Bengaluru, India. Original Article Co-existence of Neuropathic Pain and Myofascial Pain: a Key Point to Consider To MD To neuroscientists To patients To therapist