Ibadan Journal of Child Development and Educational Foundations (IJCDF) Journal of the Department of Early Childhood and Educational Foundations, University of Ibadan, Ibadan March 2020 | Volume 1 | Number 1 Pp 53-68 53 Class Size, Availability and Use of Instructional Resources as Correlates of Academic Performance of Primary Two Pupils in Ido Local Government Area Idowu Tope Aisha ADEKANBI 1 and Michael Timilehin OLADELE 2 Department of Early Childhood and Educational Foundations, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 1 E-mail: akinyotemitope@gmail.com Phone: 08066789725 2 E-mail: Michaeloladele8@gmail.com Phone: 08139434984 Abstract The quality of primary education a child receives determines the success of the child at other levels of education because primary education is the bedrock of other levels of education in every country. Class size and instructional resources for teaching are some of the important indicators of effective teaching and learning in primary schools. This study therefore investigated class size, availability and use of instructional resources as correlates of academic performance of primary two pupils in Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State. Correlational survey research design was adopted for the study. The study involved 30 public primary schools randomly selected from Ido Local Government Area as well as 30 primary two teachers and 832 pupils of 30 primary two intact classes. Two instruments were used for data Collection, Checklist on Availability and Use of Instructional Resources in Public Primary Schools (CAUIRPPS) and Class Size and Primary Two Pupils Performance in Core Subjects (CSPTPPCS). The instrument were presented to some primary two teachers to know if the items listed in the instrument are appropriate for teaching primary two pupils after which necessary adjustment was made on face, content and construct validity and items found unsuitable were removed. 20 copies was produced and administered to primary II teachers of public primary schools to check the reliability of the instrument. The reliability was tested using Cronbach Alpha and the coefficient obtained was 0.76. Three research questions were answered and four hypotheses were tested using descriptive statistics (frequency count, simple percentage and mean) and inferential statistics of multiple regression and correlation respectively. The findings showed that the average class size of primary two pupils in Ido Local Government Area is 28. Availability and use of instructional resources is below average. There is a significant negative relationship between class size and academic performance of primary two pupils (r = -0.44; P<0.05). Also, there is no significant relationship between the use of instructional resources and academic performance of primary two pupils (r = 0.43; P>0.05). Based on the findings of the research, it was recommended that government should maintain the present average class size which is within the range of what National Policy on Education recommended. Key words: Class Size, Availability, Utilization, Performance, primary school pupils.