Available online on www.ijpqa.com International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance 2018; 9(2); 109-116 doi: ISSN 0975 9506 Research Article *Author for Correspondence: qayssarj.fadheel@uokufa.edu.iq Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and It’s Complications in Iraq Qayssar Joudah Fadheel University of Kufa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Iraq Received: 27 th Mar, 18; Revised: 21 st Apr, 18, Accepted: 12 th May, 18; Available Online: 25 th Jun, 2018 ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by long term elevation of blood glucose levels. A number of reasons that increase blood glucose level include (not enough insulin or oral diabetes drugs,too much food, adverse effects from other drugs, such as steroids, or conditions such as stress ,long- or short-term pain ,menstrual periods, dehydration). Objective: To assess the prevalence of type11 diabetic mellitus and its complications and comparison between different complications among people in Iraq. Patient: This is a randomize prospected, clinical study it was carried out in Iraqi Hospitals, Department of Medicine, emergency. This study was started at December 2016, this approved medical ethical community at University of Kufa. Methods: Sample of 100 cases (50 male and 50 female) in Iraq was selected in random manner and all the patients found in the Iraqi Hospitals at the time of visiting. Where directly meet the patients and collect data from each patient according to specific questionnaires: weight, height and blood glucose level were obtained. Materials: Blood glucose level was measure by using specific device and must keep it in suitable place with maintenance of sterility and recalibration. Further advices were taken from Departments of clinical/biomedical engineering and Local medical physics. Results: The prevalence diabetes mellitus complications among the study populationwas as follow:-(Diabetic neuropathy 98%), (Diabetes retinopathy 96%), (stroke 60%), (Diabetic nephropathy 36%), (Hypertension 63%), (foot problems 60%). A significant difference was founded between some diabetic complications, these were (Neuropathy & hypertension), (Retinopathy & hypertension), (Retinopathy & stroke), (Nephropathy & hypertension), (Nephropathy & Stroke), (Hypertension & Foot problems), (Foot problem & stroke), (Neuropathy & stroke). Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus complications was lying within that reported in Iraq. There was a significant difference recorded between some diabetic mellitus complications. Early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and make program to the patient about lifestyle behavior were highly considered. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder which take place when the ability of the body to produce sufficient insulin is impaired or the cannot utilize the available insulin, and is diagnosed by high blood glucose level. Beta-cell of pancreas secret insulin; it is essential to transfer glucose from the blood into the body’s cells where it is used as energy. If insulin is not present or present but ineffective in patient with type 11 diabetic mellitus this mean that glucose remain in blood and with time result in high blood glucose level result in hyperglycemia which lead to destruction of many tissues, that result in life-threatening complications of heaths and disabling 1 . In clinical aspect diabetic mellitus disease is characterized by the sustained elevation of blood glucose level. Diabetic mellitus classified into Type 1 diabetic mellitus can impact children or adults, but was traditionally called "juvenile diabetes" due to most of these cases were observed in children 2 , in which there is a loss of insulin secreted by beta-cell of pancreas that lead to deficiency of it. In type 2 diabetic mellitus there were insulin resistant in addition to relatively reduce insulin secretion 3 . Gestational diabetic similar to type 2 diabetic mellitus in many situations, involving a combination of insulin resistant and secretion 4 . Management of Type 2 diabetic includes non-pharmacological treatment involving lifestyle changes such as physical activity, nutrition, stop smoking, diabetic education 5,6 . Individuals with type1 diabetic mellitus must use insulin. Some individuals suffer from type2 diabetic mellitus can treat his/her condition with suitable healthy eating and exercise. Physician may need also to prescribe oral hypoglycemic drugs and/or insulin to help patient to reach target blood glucose level 7 . Most medications available for treatment of type 2 diabetic are oral. However, a few present as injections. Some patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may also need to administer insulin 8 . Patients This is a randomize prospected, clinical study it was carried out in Iraqi Hospitals, Department of Medicine, emergency. This study was started at December 2016, this approved medical ethical community at University of Kufa. METHODS Sample of 100 cases (50 male and 50 female) in Iraq was selected in random manner and all the patients found in