International Journal of Research & Review (www.gkpublication.in) 15 Vol.4; Issue: 7; July 2017 International Journal of Research and Review www.ijrrjournal.com E-ISSN: 2349-9788; P-ISSN: 2454-2237 Original Research Article Syndrome X, C-Reactive Protein and Proteinuria in Newly Diagnosed Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study Sangeeta Singh 1* , Basant Joshi 2* , Seema Gupta 3* , Ashok Kumar 4** 1 Associate Professor, 2 Tutor, 3 Assistant Professor, 4 Associate Professor, * Department of Biochemistry, ** Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India Corresponding Author: Sangeeta Singh ABSTRACT Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the commonest metabolic abnormality in the world. Type 2 diabetes, the commonest form of diabetes constitutes nearly 90% of diabetic population in any country. The Syndrome X consists of a constellation of metabolic abnormalities that confer increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Inflammation, as assessed by C-reactive protein (CRP) may be an important precursor of the syndrome X and type 2 diabetes. Syndrome X is a known risk factor for proteinuria in the general population. Materials and Methods: 100 patients of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in the age group of 25-60 years were included in the study. Patients with Gestational diabetes mellitus were excluded from the study. Results: Of the 100 patients studied, 58 patients has syndrome X according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Among the studied subjects 33 males had increased WHR>0.90(Normal <0.90), whereas all the females had WHR>0.85 (Normal <0.85). Mean waist circumference in males with MS was 96.26±1.01as compared to those without syndrome X(85.6±50.57) and mean waist circumference in females with MS was (90.3±40.68) as compared to those without syndrome X(75.63±0.25). Mean serum hs-CRP levels in patients with syndrome X was (6.35±1.07) as compared to those without syndrome X(7.09±1.30). Mean Proteinuria levels in patients with metabolic syndrome was (549.34±68.80) as compared to those without syndrome X (456.74±33.04). The mean Proteinuria level was markedly raised in patients of metabolic syndrome as compared to those without syndrome X. This difference was found to be markedly significant (p <0.01). Conclusion: In conclusion, considering that Syndrome X is a modifiable risk factor, early detection of syndrome X would be a cost-effective strategy to decrease the prevalence of proteinuria and chronic kidney disease in the general population. Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, Syndrome X, C-Reactive Protein and Proteinuria. INTRODUCTION Diabetes Mellitus is the commonest metabolic abnormality in the world. Type 2 diabetes the commonest form of diabetes constitutes nearly 90% of diabetic population in any country. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing in most of the countries especially in developing countries. [1] In most developed countries, diabetes is the fourth or fifth leading cause of death and there is concern that it will become an epidemic in many developing and newly industrialized nations. City dwellers are at especially high risk since