Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 13(6): June 2020
2699
ISSN 0974-3618 (Print) www.rjptonline.org
0974-360X (Online)
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Extraction of Polyphenols from Oregano and Thyme by Maceration using
Glycerine
Wissam Zam
1
*, Ali Ali
2
, Farah Husein
2
1
Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Al-Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Tartous, Syria.
2
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technical Engineering, Tartous University, Tartous, Syria.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: ws.sarah2005@gmail.com; w.zam@au.edu.sy
ABSTRACT:
Oregano and thyme are plants belonging to Lamiaceae family and are considered a rich source of polyphenols.
The aim of this study is to determine the amount of polyphenols and the antioxidant capacity of oregano, thyme
and their 1:1 mixture. Extracts were prepared by maceration (from 1 to 15 days) using glycerin at a concentration
of 95%. The phenolic content of these extracts was calculated by Folin-Ciocalteau assay, whereas DPPH (2,2-
diphenyl-1-picrylhudrazyl) test was used to determine the antioxidant capacity. Oregano had the highest
phenolic content and antioxidant capacity while thyme had the lowest values. The best time of maceration was at
10 days for all extracts. In conclusion, results showed that glycerin could be used as an important green solvent
in the extraction of polyphenols from plant materials; also increasing the maceration period to 10 days is better
for both phenolic content and antioxidant activity.
KEYWORDS: Oregano; Thyme; Polyphenols; maceration; glycerin.
1. INTRODUCTION:
Oregano (Origanum vulgare) and Thyme (Thymus
vulgaris) are flowering plants belonging to the
Lamiaceae family
[1]
. They have been used in cooking to
improve the flavor of food and as preservative agent
long time ago
[2]
. Recent researches have proved that
thyme and oregano could be an important source of
bioactive polyphenols and have antioxidant properties.
They also have great effects on the human health such as
anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic
activities
[3-5]
. Recently, there has been a rising awareness
to the importance of high content of phenolic
compounds due to their antioxidant properties which
could prevent the oxidative degradation in food and
protect oils and lipids
[6-10]
.
Received on 22.11.2019 Modified on 06.01.2020
Accepted on 21.02.2020 © RJPT All right reserved
Research J. Pharm. and Tech 2020; 13(6): 2699-2702.
DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00480.1
Oregano and thyme are widely used in Mediterranean
Basin for different purposes. Thyme and oregano leaves
are used either dried or fresh and the flowers could also
for the extraction of essential oils that are used as
aromatic additives in food
[11]
. They also contain many
important compounds such as carvacrol and thymol; the
carvacrol content in oregano can be up to 95%, and it is
considered the most powerful effective bioactive
compound against followed by thymol
[12]
.
The most polyphenols reported to be present in thyme
and oregano are hydroxycinnamic acids and flavons.
Researchers have also found a high content of
rosmarinic acid in plants belonging to Lamiaceae
family. Results have shown that oregano contains three
major phenolic compounds that have an effective
antioxidation activity; these major compounds are
caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, and rosemarinic acid.
Whereas salvianolic acid, rosemarinic acid, luteolin 7-
O-B glucuronide and luteolin glucoside are considered
the main phenolic compounds in thyme
[13]
.
Glycerin is an important solvent recently used due to its
important properties in the extraction of polyphenols
from plants. It is considered inexpensive non-toxic and