~ 1546 ~
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2020; 8(3): 1546-1548
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
www.entomoljournal.com
JEZS 2020; 8(3): 1546-1548
© 2020 JEZS
Received: 22-03-2020
Accepted: 24-04-2020
PS Wade
Department of Agril.
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Dr. Balasaheb
Sawant Konkan Krishi
Vidyapeeth, Dapoli. Dist.
Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
Dr. SM Wankhede
Jr. Entomologist, Regional
Coconut Research Station,
Bhatye, Maharashtra, India
NK Hatwar
Department of Agril.
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Dr. Balasaheb
Sawant Konkan Krishi
Vidyapeeth, Dapoli. Dist.
Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
Dr. BD Shinde
Assistant Professor, Department
of Agril. Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Dapoli. Dist.
Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
Dr. PB Sanap
Vegetable Specialist, Vegetable
Improvement Scheme, Central
Experiment Station, Wakawali,
Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
Corresponding Author:
PS Wade
Department of Agril.
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Dr. Balasaheb
Sawant Konkan Krishi
Vidyapeeth, Dapoli. Dist.
Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
Seasonal incidence of major pests infesting tomato
( Solanum lycopersicum L.)
PS Wade, Dr. SM Wankhede, NK Hatwar, Dr. BD Shinde and Dr. PB Sanap
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Central Experimental Station, Wakawali, during rabi, 2018-2019 to
study the effect of weather parameters on incidence of major pests infesting tomato. Whitefly, aphid and
leaf miner appeared during 2
nd
Standard Meteorological Week (SMW), while first incidence of fruit
borer was seen on 5
th
SMW. The peak population of whitefly were observed in 16
th
SMW with a mean
population of 7.83 per three leaves. Aphids (4.53 per three leaves) and leaf miner (40.02% infestation)
were observed in 7
th
and 12
th
SMW, respectively. Whitefly, leaf miner and fruit borer demonstrated non-
significant positive association with maximum temperature (r =0.319, 0.468 and 0.314, respectively), but
non-significant negative correlation (r= -0.472) in aphids. Positive significant correlation was recorded
(r= 0.521 and 0.571) of minimum temperature with whitefly and leaf miner, respectively. Whereas, non-
significant negative correlation found (r= -455) between minimum temperature and aphid population.
Fruit borer infestation had positive non-significant correlation (r= 0.450) with minimum temperature. The
maximum relative humidity was non-significantly negative correlated (r= -0.429, -0.209, -0.498 and -
0.484) with whitefly, aphid, leaf miner and fruit borer, respectively. Evening relative humidity showed
positive non-significant correlation (r= 0.397, 0.384 and 0.407) with whitefly, leaf miner and fruit borer
population, respectively. Aphid population was non-significantly negative correlated (r= -0.308) with
evening relative humidity.
Keywords: Tomato, incidence, weather, whitefly, aphid, leaf miner, fruit borer
Introduction
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop grown worldwide after
potato. It is affected by several biotic, physiochemical and mesobiotic factors. Among the
biotic factors insect pests are predominant and occur regularly at different stages of crop
growth. A number of insect pests i.e. about 100 insect pests and 25 non insect pests species are
reported to ravage the tomato fields (Lange and Bronson, 1981)
[10]
. Tomatoes provide an very
good amount of vitamin C, a good amount of the minerals, manganese and vitamin E. With
regard to phytonutrients, it includes flavanones, flavonols and carotenoids like lycopene,
zeaxanthin and beta-carotene. Reduced risk of heart disease is an area of health benefits in
which tomatoes truly excel. There are two basic lines of research that have repeatedly linked
tomatoes to heart health. The first line of research involves antioxidant support and the second
line involves regulation of fats in the blood stream (Mateljan, 2006)
[12]
. Tomato is cultivated
in 789.15 thousand hectares area in India with 19759.32 metric tons production and 25.03 tons
per hectare productivity. In Maharashtra, tomato is grown over an area of 45,500 hectares with
a production of 1086.56 metric tons and productivity is 23.88 tons per hectare during 2017-18
(Anonymous, 2018)
[1]
. The sucking pests viz. whiteflies and aphids cause severe damage to
crop by transmitting virus disease rather than direct feeding (Kumar et al., 2010)
[9]
. Among
the pests, the loss incurred by Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) has become most important in recent
years (Medeiros et al., 2005)
[13]
. The tomato fruit borer, Helicoverpera armigera (Hubner) is a
key pest and cause upto 40-50 per cent damage to the tomato crop (Pareek and Bhargava 2003)
[15]
. This pest is a nocturnal and polyphagous in nature, distributed throughout the Indian
subcontinent. The larval stage of this pest infest fruits and makes it unfit for human
consumption. The young larval stage feed on the foliage and later instars bore inside the fruits
(Singh and Narang, 1990)
[20]
. Incidence of above pests is dependent on weather parameters,
therefore the present study was carried out to see the effect of weather parameters on incidence
of major pests infesting tomato.