Projections Volume 14, Issue 2, Summer 2020: 26–47 © Berghahn Books
doi: 10:3167/proj.2020.140203 ISSN 1934-9688 (Print), ISSN 1934-9696 (Online)
How Motion Shapes
Thought in Cinema
The Embodied Film Style
of Éric Rohmer
Maarten Coëgnarts
Abstract: This article provides an embodied study of the film style of the
French filmmaker Éric Rohmer. Drawing on insights from cognitive linguistics,
I first show how dynamic patterns of containment shape human thinking
about relationships, a concept central to Rohmer’s cinema. Second, I consider
the question of how film might elicit this spatial thinking through the use of
such cinematic devices as mobile framing and fixed-frame movement. Third,
using Rohmer’s Comedies and Proverbs series as a case study, I demonstrate
how the filmmaker applies these devices—and with them the spatial think-
ing they initiate—systemically to shape the relationships of his films visually.
Lastly, I use the results of this analysis to provide discussion and suggestions
for future research.
Keywords: camera movement, embodied cognition, film style, image schemas,
metaphor, visual meaning
Embodied cognition is one of the foremost areas of research in cognitive sci-
ence today (Shapiro 2014). Central to this premise is the idea that the mind
is embedded in the body. People’s subjective and felt experiences with the
physical and cultural world provide part of the fundamental basis of human
cognition (e.g., Gibbs 2005; Lakoff and Johnson 1999). As the blurb of Barbara
Tversky’s new book tells us, “movement, not language, is the foundation of
thought” (Tversky 2019). This turn to second-generation cognitive science has
led various film scholars to expand our traditional notions of film aesthetics
and film spectatorship (e.g., Coëgnarts and Kravanja 2015; Gallese and Guerra
2019; Grodal 2009; Fahlenbrach 2016; Fingerhut and Heimann 2017; Hven 2017;
and Kiss and Willemsen 2017). One specific point of concern has been the ex-
tent to which film style is embodied. From the creative side, there are those
who draw heavily on George Lakoff and Mark Johnson’s (1980, 1999) theory
of embodied metaphors to redefine the meaning-making processes in film,