Igwe, K. O. et al. /Afr.J.Bio.Sc. 2(3) (2020) 88-93 Page 88 of 93 Volume 2, Issue 3, July 2020 Received : 19 October 2019 Accepted : 17 March 2020 Published : 09 July 2020 doi: 10.33472/AFJBS.2.3.2020.88-93 Article Info © 2020 African Journal of Biological Sciences.This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https:/ / creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/ ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. A bstract Despite successes achieved due to the wide availability and improvement of combination antiretroviral therapy regiments, there are still serious complications common in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients on (highly active antiretroviral therapy) HAART. This study seeks to evaluate the serum protein status and electrolyte profile of HIV/ AIDS patients on HAART in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). The electrolytes were determined my colorimetric method while total protein and albumin concentration were determined by spectrophotometric methods, but globulin and A/ G ratio were determined by calculation. The result obtained indicated a significantly higher total protein ( p < 0.05) in male HIV patients on HAART when compared to the male non HIV patients. For albumin, the result indicated a significantly lower value (p < 0.05) in female and male HIV patients on HAART (2.38 ± 0.22 and 3.27 ± 0.22 g/ dL respectively) when compared to the control. A/ G ratio in male and female HIV patients on HAART was also significantly lower (0.54 ± 0.09 and 0.69 ± 0.09 g/ dL) compared to the control. From the result, a significantly lower value (p < 0.05) in concentration of sodium of female and male HIV patients on HAART (132 ± 5.20 mMol/ L and 136.12 ± 4.85 mMol/ L respectively) when compared to the control. The result for bicarbonate indicated a significantly lower value (p < 0.05) in female HIV patients on HAART (23.24 ± 2.20 mMol/ L). Though the levels of most of the parameters analyzed were found within the normal range, serum protein and electrolyte monitoring in patients with HIV is recommended once treatment is recommended. Keywords: Serum protein, Electrolyte, HIV/AIDS, HAART * Corresponding author: Igwe, K. O., Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. E-mail: kalu2013.ko@gmail.com 2663-2187/ © 2020 African Journal of Biological Sciences. All rights reserved. African Journal of Biological Sciences ISSN: 2663-2187 Journal homepage: http:/ / www.afjbs.com Serum protein status and electrolyte profile of HIV/ AIDS patients on HAART in U PTH, Rivers state – Nigeria Igwe, K. O. 1 *, Ujowundu, C. O. 2 , Chieme, S. C. 3 and Obasi, U. K. 4 1 Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. E-mail: kalu2013.ko@gmail.com 2 Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. E-mail: ujowundu@yahoo.com 3 Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. E-mail: cchukwudoruo@gmail.com 4 Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. E-mail: obasiuchechi@gmail.com Research Paper Open Access Igwe, K. O. et al. /Afr.J.Bio.Sc. 2(3) (2020) 88-93 https://doi.org/10.33472/AFJBS.2.3.2020.88-93 1. Introduction Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a linear single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus of the Retroviridae family which attacks immune cells called CD4 cells, which are types of T cells thereby causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (Zhang et al ., 2011 ). AIDS is a common condition which has considerable impact on the ability of the body to fight infections. The virus is widely transmitted through contact of infected people with semen, virginal secretion, breast milk or blood by uninfected persons ( Stanley and Madhavan, 1999 ).There is evidence that HIV plays a crucial role in damaging the immune system which helps the body to fight off infections (Haseltine and Wong-Staal, 1988).