IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy And Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN:2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 15, Issue 4 Ser. I (Jul. –Aug. 2020), PP 01-09 www.Iosrjournals.Org DOI: 10.9790/3008-1504010109 www.iosrjournals.org 1 | Page Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Potential of Ethanolic Extract of Hunteriaumbellata Seed Morakinyo A. E. 1 , Oladeji O. A. 2 , Fajobi A. O. 3 , Adelowo J. M. 4 , Babarinde S.O. 1 , Adepoju A. E. 1 1 (Department of Biochemistry, AdelekeUniversity, Ede,Nigeria) 2 (Department of Food science and Technology, Ondo State University of Science and Technology, Ondo, Nigeria) 3 (Department of Biochemistry, ObafemiAwolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria) 4 (Department of Basic Sciences, Adeleke University, Ede, Nigeria) Abstract: Background: Hyperlipidemia characterized by the abnormal elevation of plasma lipoprotein is the most prevalent indicator for cardiovascular diseases. This study screened, analyzed and accessed the anti- hyperlipidemic potentials of the phytochemicals and anti-nutrient compositions of ethanolic extracts of Hunteriaumbellata seeds with a view to utilizing the plants in the management of obesity and hyperlipidemia, and early stage renal dysfunction using high fat diet model in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty healthy albino rats were randomly divided into five equal groups: Group I received normal saline (2 ml/kg bwt); Group II received a high fat diet; Group III received Orlistat (50 mg/kg bwt);Group IV Orlistat (50 mg/kg bwt) + H. umbellata (200 mg/kg bwt); Group V received Orlistat (50 mg/kg bwt) + H. umbellata (400 mg/kg bwt); The hepatocellular injury markers (aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT)), kidney injury markers (urea and creatinine ) and lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) were estimated using standard Randox diagnostic kits, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) concentration were calculated using Friedewald’s equation Results: The results revealed that H. umbellata seed has nutrients and anti-nutrients within permissible limits. Also revealed that HFD increased the body weight and all the assayed biochemical parameters, post-treatment with 400 mg/kg H. umbellata seed significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the concentrations of TG, cholesterol and LDL, Also post-treatment with 200 mg/kg plant extactsignificantly (p < 0.05) decreased urea and creatinine concentrations when compared to the HFD group. The significant decrease was quite better than the Orlistat treated group. Conclusion:These results revealed that the ethanolic extract of H.umbellataseed possesses safe to consume anti-nutrients and phytochemicals which elicited anti-hyperlipidemic potentials and normalizes the kidney injury markers at 400 and 200 mg/kg body weight respectively Key Word: Hunteriaumbellata; Hepatocellular injury; Kidney injury; Hyperlipidemic; Phytochemicals --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 23-06-2020 Date of Acceptance: 11-07-2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Introduction Abnormal and excessive fataccumulation isone of the major risk factors for a number of metabolic disorders like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer. Once considered high-income countries‟ problem, obesity and overweight is fast becoming a problem in urban areas of low-income countries mainly as a consequence of lifestyle changes 1 . Pre-clinical studies have shown a direct correlation between a high fat diet and overweight/obesity among distinct animal models 2 . An important aspect not often discussed is the relationship between the overweight and obesity caused byanhypercaloric and high fat diet and the development of kidney failure. Excess weight gain and obesity may cause renal changes, including glomerular hyperfiltration, sodium retention, enlargement of Bowman‟s space, increased glomerular cell proliferation, mesangial matrix expansion, inflammatory cell infiltration and tubulointerstitial lesions 3 . These early renal alterations can progress to more intense and diffuse lesions in the kidneys, such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, proteinuria and tubule-interstitial lesions, which are observed in prolonged obesity 4 . In addition, it hasbeen described that changes in lipoprotein metabolism and serum lipids occur with increasing renal dysfunction 5 . Moreover, the high levels of cholesterol andobesity have been associated with changes of glomerular structure during the final stages of renal disease 6 . There is therefore the need to arrest the trend using relatively assessed plant-based drug with little or no side effects.H. umbellatawhich belongs to the family of apocynaceae, is a plant native to West Africa and