International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol. 10, No. 5, October 2020, pp. 5546~5558 ISSN: 2088-8708, DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5546-5558  5546 Journal homepage: http://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE Simulation and optimization of tuneable microstrip patch antenna for fifth-generation applications based on graphene Hamzah M. Marhoon 1 , Nidal Qasem 2 1,2 Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Jordan 1 Department of Computer Techniques Engineering, Al-Esraa University College, Iraq Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received Oct 27, 2019 Revised Feb 29, 2020 Accepted Apr 29, 2020 Microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) are known largely for their versatility in terms of feasible geometries, making them applicable in many distinct circumstances. In this paper, a graphene-based tuneable single/array rectangular microstrip patch antenna (MPA) utilizing an inset feed technique designed to function in multiple frequency bands are used in a fifth-generation (5G) wireless communications system. The tuneable antenna is used to eliminate the difficulties caused by the narrow bandwidths typically associated with MPAs. The graphene material has a reconfigurable surface conductivity that can be adjusted to function at the required value, thus allowing the required resonance frequency to be selected. The simulated tuneable antenna comprises a copper radiating patch with four graphene strips used for tuning purposes and is designed to cover a wide frequency band. The proposed antenna can be tuned directly by applying a direct current (DC) voltage to the graphene strips, resulting in a variation in the surface impedance of the graphene strips and leading to shifts in the resonance frequency. Keywords: 5G 60 GHz Graphene Microstrip patch antenna Tuneable antenna Copyright © 2020 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. Corresponding Author: Nidal Qasem, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Zip-code (Postal Address): 19328, Amman, Jordan. Email: Ne.qasem@ammanu.edu.jo 1. INTRODUCTION Wireless communication technology has developed rapidly to meet the demand for high traffic capacities in electronic devices. Fifth-generation (5G) technology utilizes higher-frequency bands in order to provide the large information capacities needed to support multi-Gbps information rates and collect infinite information broadcasts using the latest mobile technology [1, 2]. Millimetre-wave (mm-wave) (30 to 300 GHz) technology is currently receiving increased attention due to increasing demands for ultra-broadband communication equipment in wireless communications. The main problem in mm-wave communication systems is to design a small-sized antenna with a wide-band feature that includes the entire accessible band. In addition, millimetre electronic embedded circuits integrated with mm-wave antennas are physically compact and technologically efficient. In the mm-wave range, using the unlicensed frequency band from 57 to 64 GHz (7 GHz bandwidth) that relies on the V-band (50 to 70 GHz) for industrial, scientific and medical applications shows promise [3, 4]. This huge quantity of spectral space (≈7 GHz) around the 60 GHz frequency provides room for the ultra- high-speed transfer of large quantities of information from short-range applications, such as high-definition video transmissions and point-to-point desktop connections. The next generation of wireless technologies is expected to face spectrum scarcity in the frequency band below 10 GHz, due to the exploding number of products, and data-intensive applications running on today’s consumer electronic products.