ISSN: 0975 -8542
Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Available Online at: www.jgpt.co.in
RESEARCH ARTICLE
©2009-2019, JGPT. All Rights Reserved 173
Factor Analysis of Patient with Hypertension on Self-Regulation
Based on Self-Belief
Riza Fikriana
1, 2
, Nursalam
3*
, Shrimarti Rukmini Devy
4
, Ahsan
5
, Tri Nurhudi
Sasono
2
, Lailatul Qodriyah
2
1.
Doctoral Program of Public Health, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
2.
STIKes Kepanjen Malang, Indonesia.
3.
Faculty of Nursing, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
4.
Faculty of Public Health, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
5.
Nursing Major, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
*Corresponding Author: Nursalam
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence self-regulation based on the
self-beliefs of hypertension patients. Methods: The design of the study used observational analytics with
a cross-sectional study approach. The sample size consisted of 108 patients with hypertension in health
centers in Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The independent variables were physical activity, food
consumption, medication adherence, control in health care and stress management. The dependent
variable was self-regulation. Data were collected using a questionnaire tested for validity and reliability.
Logistic regression was used to analyze the results. Results: Age (p = 0.014) and support of health
workers (p = 0.004) had an effect on the self-regulation of food consumption. Age (p = 0.008), gender (p =
0.006), family history (p = 0.004), family support (p = 0.014) and health insurance (p = 0.028) had an
effect on the self-regulation of medication adherence. Age (p = 0.022) affected the self-regulation of
control to health services. Peer support (p = 0.008) was significantly associated with stress management.
Conclusion: The consolidation of social support and health services is important to improve self-
regulation based on self-beliefs in patients with hypertension.
Keywords: Self-regulation, Confidence, Hypertension.
Introduction
Globally, the overall prevalence of raised
blood pressure in adults aged 25 and over
was around 40% in 2008. The proportion of
the world’s population with high blood
pressure, or uncontrolled hypertension, fell
modestly between 1980 and 2008. However,
because of population growth and ageing, the
number of people with uncontrolled
hypertension rose from 600 million in 1980 to
nearly 1 billion in 2013 [1].The prevalence of
hypertension in Indonesia is high.
In 2013, the national prevalence of
hypertension was 25.8%. This figure
increased rapidly in 2018 by 34.1% [2,3].The
ability to self-care is an important quality for
hypertensive patients to possess in order to
maintain blood pressure and prevent
complications [4, 5].However, the self-care
ability for patients with hypertension is still
relatively low, which is characterized by the
inability to achieve the expected blood
pressure [6, 8]. Many researchers believe
that major changes in lifestyle behaviors play
an important role in the prevalence of
hypertension [9]. Several studies showed that
low level of physical activity, being
overweight, malnutrition and being a smoker
could be associated with increased risk for
hypertension, even in early adulthood, with a
prediction of hypertension during adolescence
[10, 12].
Researchers believe that taking
antihypertensive medication as well as
modifying lifestyles will result in the best
therapeutic effect. However, some studies
have shown that when hypertensive patients