Impact of Climate Change on Plant-Associated Fungi Anindya Chanda, Heba Maghrawy, Hossam Sayour, Phani M. Gummadidala and Ola M. Gomaa Abstract The global climate change can influence agricultural productivity by alter- ing the plant-microbe interactions. Plant-associated fungi play important roles in these interactions by regulating nutrient transformation in soils, nutrient availability for plants and plant health and growth. The abiotic stressors that increase with the changing climate result in significant alterations in these processes. These alterations are either as a response to the changing biology of the plant or due to the direct effect of the stressors on the fungi. In this chapter we retrospect the current knowledge on the plant-associated fungi and discuss the effects of the changing climate on their interactions with their hosts. The goal of this review is to emphasize the need for more research on plant-fungal interactions that can increase the resilience of crops to climate change. Keywords Plant-associated fungi · Agriculture · Fungal diversity · Fungal activity, and climate change · Molecular imprinted polymers · Wireless sensor networks · Precision farming 1 Introduction Life as we know it has been transformed due to climate change. The heavy impact of climate change has taken its toll on everything. The rate and extent of damage are expected to become worse each year. Climate change impact has been the center of attention during the past few years. Policymakers have identified it as a problem that needs to be addressed by scientists. Climate action is the goal number 13 in the 2030 A. Chanda · P. M. Gummadidala Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA H. Maghrawy · O. M. Gomaa (B ) Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt H. Sayour Biomedical Chemistry Unit, Chemistry Department, Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Cairo 12618, Egypt © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 E.-S. E. Omran and A. M. Negm (eds.), Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Food Security in Egypt, Springer Water, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41629-4_5 83