1 This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Koki Tanaka and Makoto Tokuda 1 (2017) Phenological specialisation of two ant-dispersed sedges in relation to requirements for 2 qualitative and quantitative dispersal effectiveness. Ecological Research 32:677–684, which has 3 been published in final form at [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11284-017-1479-7]. 4 This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and 5 Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. 6