International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS) [Vol-7, Issue-8, Aug- 2020] https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.78.11 ISSN: 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O) www.ijaers.com Page | 92 Social Vulnerability and Rainfall: Impacts on Collective Health Jackline Leite de Oliveira 1 , Ana Caroline Guedes Souza Martins 2 , Wesley Brandão Dias 3 , Elaine Cristina Cavalcante Ribeiro 4 , Márcio dos Santos Avelar 5 , Maria de FátimaVilhena da Silva 6 1 Nurse. Master in Risk and natural disaster management at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA). Professor at the Estácio College, Belém, Pará, Brazil.E-mail: 2 Nurse. Master in Health Education in the Amazon at the State University of Pará (UEPA). PhD Student Doctorate in Clinical Research in Infectious Diseases at National Institute of Infectious Diseases-FIOCRUZ. Professor at the UEPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil. 3 Nursing Student at the UEPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil. 4 Nurse. Master in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance at Instituto Evandro Chagas. Nurse at the Municipal Health Department of Belém,Pará, Brazil. 5 Geographer. Master in Risk and Natural Disaster Management at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA). 6 Biological, PhD in Food Technology from the State University of Campinas. Professor of the Program Master in Risk Management and Natural Disasters – UFPA. Abstract—Objective: To analyze the relationship between the prevalence of waterborne infectious diseases in the city of Limoeiro do Ajuru and the risk of flooding. Method: To obtain the data, data from the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS), cases of acute diarrhea and respiratory infections in the rainy period 2007 to 2017 were analyzed in the database of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). To obtain the rainfall data for the Joana Coeli Station from 2007 to 2017, a consultation was carried out on the website of the National Water Agency (ANA).Results: The supply of treated water in the flood risk area is mostly improvised; there is also a lack of septic tanks, problems that contribute to soil and water contamination in the rainiest season, factors that lead to the emergence of waterborne diseases and respiratory problems. Conclusion: The study indicates that, in the research site, the areas of risk of flooding, combined with social and environmental vulnerability associated with high rainfall, cause the appearance of acute diarrheal diseases and acute respiratory infections in individuals in the locality. Keywords—Floods. Acute diarrhea. Respiratory problem. Rainy season. I. INTRODUCTION In Brazil, climate changes such as rainfall variation are the result of natural and social processes that can generate natural disasters, problems to human health due to floods, floods and floods, modifying the ecosystem and biological cycles that can increase the incidence of infectious diseases and non-transmissible (1) . It is very frequent in Brazil situations of vulnerability of the population to risks, on a daily basis, due to the lack of urban planning, poverty and environmental problems, characteristics that were detected in the city of Limoeiro do Ajuru, Pará, region of integration of Tocantins, where the social and health determinants are aggravated, mainly with population growth in areas without urban structure (2) . In 2010, the city of Limoeiro do Ajuru had a low human development index of 0.493 and more than 54.62% of the population had an income of less than one minimum wage; the main economic activity was concentrated in public administration, in the fish trade and agriculture (3) . In the municipality there is a predominance of floodplains close to the Tocantins River, favorable to flooding in periods of rainier weather. The rainy season, associated with social and infrastructure factors, causes flooding, which in turn causes economic, social and environmental damage, causing diseases to people in vulnerable situations (4, 5) . In addition to unwanted social conditions, the municipality is also deficient in terms of environmental sanitation. There is precariousness or absence of rainwater