Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 37 (2019) 5743–5753
DOI:10.3233/JIFS-181742
IOS Press
5743
On neutrosophic extended triplet groups
(loops) and Abel-Grassmann’s groupoids
(AG-groupoids)
Xiaohong Zhang
a,b,∗
, Xiaoying Wu
a
, Xiaoyan Mao
c
, Florentin Smarandache
d
and Choonkil Park
e
a
Department of Mathematics, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, China
b
Department of Mathematics, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
c
College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
d
Department of Mathematics, University of New Mexico, Gallup, NM, USA
e
Department of Mathematics, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
Abstract. From the perspective of semigroup theory, the characterizations of a neutrosophic extended triplet group (NETG)
and AG-NET-loop (which is both an Abel-Grassmann groupoid and a neutrosophic extended triplet loop) are systematically
analyzed and some important results are obtained. In particular, the following conclusions are strictly proved: (1) an algebraic
system is neutrosophic extended triplet group if and only if it is a completely regular semigroup; (2) an algebraic system
is weak commutative neutrosophic extended triplet group if and only if it is a Clifford semigroup; (3) for any element in
an AG-NET-loop, its neutral element is unique and idempotent; (4) every AG-NET-loop is a completely regular and fully
regular Abel-Grassmann groupoid (AG-groupoid), but the inverse is not true. Moreover, the constructing methods of NETGs
(completely regular semigroups) are investigated, and the lists of some finite NETGs and AG-NET-loops are given.
Keywords: Semigroup, neutrosophic extended triplet group (NETG), completely regular semigroup, Clifford semigroup,
Abel-Grassmann’s groupoid (AG-groupoid)
1. Introduction
Smarandache proposed the new concept of neu-
trosophic set, which is an extension of fuzzy set and
intuitionistic fuzzy set [1]. Until now, neutrosophic
sets have been applied to many fields [2–4], and some
new theoretical studies are developed [5, 6].
As an application of the basic idea of neutrosophic
sets (more general, neutrosophy), the new notion of
neutrosophic triplet group (NTG) is introduced by
Smarandache and Ali in [7, 8]. As a new algebraic
∗
Corresponding author. Xiaohong Zhang. E-mails: zhangxiao
hong@sust.edu.cn; zhangxh@shmtu.edu.cn.
structure, NTG is a generalization of classical group,
but it has different properties from classical group.
For NTG, the neutral element is relative and local,
that is, for a neutrosophic triplet group (N,
∗
),
every element a in N has its own neutral ele-
ment (denote by neut (a)) satisfying condition a ∗
neut (a) = neut (a)
∗
a = a, and there exits at least
one opposite element (denote by anti (a)) in N relative
to neut (a) such condition a
∗
anti (a) = anti (a)
∗
a =
neut (a). In the original definition of NTG in [8],
neut (a) is different from the traditional unit element.
Later, the concept of neutrosophic extended triplet
group (NETG) was introduced (see [7]), in which the
neutral element may be traditional unit element, it is
just a special case.
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