Civil Engineering and Architecture 8(2): 94-100, 2020 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/cea.2020.080207
The Temperature Field in Mass Concrete with Different
Placing Temperatures
Anh Kiet Bui
1
, Trong Chuc Nguyen
2,*
1
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, Vietnam
2
Institute of Special Construction Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University, Vietnam
Received February 1, 2020; Revised March 17, 2020; Accepted March 28, 2020
Copyright©2020 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract Hydration heat of concrete mix has an
important role in the process of temperature increase in
mass concrete at an early age. Thermal stress caused by the
temperature difference between the core and the surface of
mass concrete is the main reason in making thermal cracks
if the stress is larger than the tensile strength of concrete.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of placing
temperature on temperature distribution and thermal
stresses of mass concrete. A proportion of concrete mix of
interest is used for the thermal analysis of a mass concrete
sample sized 8×6×3 m. The finite element Midas Civil
program is used to conduct the three-dimensional thermal
simulation. Four typical scenarios of placing temperature
in the range of (15-30)°C of the concrete mix, which is
commonly used in actual construction condition, are
presented. The analysis results of temperature distribution
and thermal stress indicate that the value of 30°C of placing
temperature according to the selected proportion of
concrete mix may cause thermal crack in the mass concrete.
The study gives a useful way for practical construction
application to avoid the risk of thermal crack in mass
concrete at an early age.
Keywords Maximum Temperature, Temperature
Difference, Mass Concrete, Placing Temperature, Thermal
Crack
1. Introduction
Mass concrete are normally used for hydraulic
structures, bridge, foundation of high-rise buildings, and
etc. One of the significant factors affecting the
stress-strain state of the concrete mass during construction
and operational process is temperature effect due to
hydration heat of cement [1-3].
The temperature regime in mass concrete structures is
affected by many factors, such as air temperature, wind
speed, water temperature, intensity of solar radiation and
shading effect, foundation temperature, and especially
amount of hydration heat which is caused by the cement
type and its content [4-6].
In addition, the temperature distribution in the mass
concrete is also influenced by other factors, such as
schedule of placement, aggregate size used in mass
concrete, initial temperature of concrete mix, curing
condition, etc. As a result, high temperature gradient
occurring during the construction may cause significant
tensile stresses and lead to thermal cracks [7-9].
The temperature difference between the inner zone and
the outer surface of the mass concrete is the reason
causing the formation of thermal stress. If the tensile
stress is larger than the tensile strength of the mass
concrete, thermal cracks form on the surface of the
concrete structure, especially at the early age. In order to
avoid the formation of thermal cracks, a general condition
is that the temperature gradient ΔT should not exceed
20°C [10].
On other aspect, to minimize the temperature difference
between the inner zone and the outer surface of mass
concrete causing thermal cracks, past researches indicated
several curing methods by using different types of
insulation material together with its thickness, such as
polystyrene [11], sand layers [12]. In addition, cooling
pipe system is quite a perfect solution to reduce hydration
heat in the core of mass concrete [13].
In the present study, effect of the placing temperatures
causing different temperature gradients between inner and
outer zones of mass concrete is investigated. The
temperature profile versus time and its maximum value
together with thermal stresses in mass concrete
corresponding to different scenarios of placing
temperature are simulated by using the finite element
Midas Civil program. From the analysis results, it is
proposed an appropriate value of placing temperature to
CITE THIS PAPER
[1] Anh Kiet Bui , Trong Chuc Nguyen , "The Temperature Field in Mass Concrete with Different Placing Temperatures," Civil
Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 94 - 100, 2020. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2020.080207.