NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS JournalNX- A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal ISSN No: 2581 - 4230 VOLUME 6, ISSUE 8, Aug. -2020 6 | Page THOUGHTS ON THE STUDY OF ENDEMIC ICTEROHEMOGLOBINURIA BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS RAKHMONOV FARKHOD KHOLBAEVICH Assistant of Samarkand Institute of Veterinary Medicine (Samarkand, Uzbekistan) URINOV HAQBERDI SADRIDDIN OGLU Master of Samarkand Veterinary Institute (Samarkand, Uzbekistan) QUVVATOV HUSNIDDIN ABDUHAKIMOVICH Assistant of Samarkand Institute of Veterinary Medicine (Samarkand, Uzbekistan) ABSTRACT: `This article provides information on the discussion of the biochemical mechanisms of origin and development of endemic icterohemoglobinuria in karakul sheep grazing in the natural pastures of the Red Sand biogeochemical oasis on the basis of scientific sources and research results. KEYWORDS: endemic icterohemoglobinuria, copper metabolism, hepatocytes, subcellular organelles, copper-containing proteins, radioactive copper, copper poisoning, pyrrolysidine alkaloids, metallotionine. INTRODUCTION: Specific experimental studies have shown that liver dysfunction and subsequent accumulation of large amounts of copper in sheep are caused by the consumption of alkaloids (heliotrin and its N-oxide) by the sheep - a hairy fruit heliotrope (Heliotropium dasycarpum) [[ 1,3]. This paper aims to analyze the scientific data on a particular problem and to substantiate the mechanisms of regulation of general homeostasis of copper in the body of karakul sheep based on the data of our special research on the distribution of copper in the subcellular elements of the liver cell, the activity of copper- containing enzymes in the blood and liver. The results of our study showed that in endemic ichtherohemoglobinuria, the amount of copper in the liver increases by 3 times or more. All subcellular fractions are involved in the accumulation of excess copper in the liver: the concentration of copper in large granules increases by 2.4 times, in the microsome fraction by 2.9 times, in the cytosol by 2.5 times, in the nucleus and cell fraction by 3.4 times. A comparison of our data with data obtained by other authors shows that endemic icterohemoglobinuria is very similar to chronic copper toxicosis, which occurs experimentally in sheep and laboratory animals. In both cases, there was an increase in the amount of copper in the liver, with the proportion of the element in the nucleus and cell fraction fractions ranging from 59.4% to 78%, while the remaining fractions (coarse granules, microsomes and cytosol) together ranged from 22% to 40.6%. [2,10]. Given the specificity of copper metabolism in sheep, it is possible to make some considerations about the biochemical mechanisms of origin of endemic icterohemoglobinuria, which occurs in karakul sheep grazed on natural pastures of the Red Sands. It is known that in the animal kingdom, there are two different types of copper metabolism that reflect the concentration of