Physica C 162-164 (1989) 115-116
North-Holland
ZERO RESISTIVITY AT 81K IN BSCCO FILMS GROWN FROM LIQUID KCI SOLUTIONS
G. BALESTRINO 1 1 3 2 2 2
, R. DI LEO , M. MARINELLI , E. MILANI , A. PAOLETTI , P. PAROLI
1Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Universit~ di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
2 Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, II Universit~ di Roma, 1-00173 Roma, Italy
3 Istituto I.E.S.S. del C.N.R., Via Cineto Romano 42, 1-00156 Roma, Italy
Textured films of "BSCCO 2212" , with zero resistivity at 81 K, have been grown from KCI
liquid solutions, onto (lll)-oriented substrates of Gadolinium Gallium Garnet. This
technique is particularly promising to grow large epitaxial films of both the "2212" and
the "2223" phases of BSCCO.
I. INTRODUCTION
Since the discovery of the new class of high
temperature superconductors much effort has
been devoted to the realization of thin films
suitable for the realization of solid state
devices, like SQUID's and particle detectors,
operating at liquid nitrogen temperatures.
Epitaxial and textured films of high
temperature superconductors have been obtained
by various techniques ( namely evaporation,
sputtering, and laser ablation) on various
substrates (A1203, MgO, SrTiO 3 ). Recently we
have reported on the growth from liquid phase
of films of Bi Sr CaCu 0 ("BSCCO") on a
2 2 2 8+x
gadolinium gallium garnet substrate (GGG) with
zero resistance at 50 K I. Here we report a more
extensive investigation on this growth
technique and show that BSCCO films with zero
resistance at 81K can be obtained.
2. EXPERIMENTAL
Recently very thin single crystals of the
BSCCO phase (having thicknesses about few
microns) were grown from flux using a saturated
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(North-Holland)
solution of the constituent oxides of BSCCO in
molten KCI 2. The choise of KCl as a solvent was
suggested by its solubility in water. Such
feature makes easy to separate BSCCO single
crystals from the solidified melt without using
a mechanical and often destructive technique.
Our growth technique is very similar to that
widely used for the growth of garnet films from
PbO-B203 fluxes 3. The typical procedure is
described below. The Bi oxide, the Cu oxide,
the Sr and the Ca carbonates (all at least
99.5% pure) were weighed in the atom ratios
Bi:Sr:Ca:Cu=2:2:l:2, mixed in an agathe mortar
3
placed in a i00 em crucible and then annealed
few hours at 850 °C. The partially reacted
powders were then quenched to room temperature
and the KCI" was added on the top of the
prereacted powders. The molar ratio between the
solvent and the solute was about 50. The
crucible was then placed in a vertical tubolar
furnace. For the given value of the ratio
solvent to solute the solution is saturated by
2
the BSCCO constituent oxides which largely
remain at the bottom of the crucible. To