Citation: Taleuzzaman M, Ali S, Gilani SJ, Imam SS and Hafeez A. Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography
(UPLC) - A Review. Austin J Anal Pharm Chem. 2015; 2(6): 1056.
Austin J Anal Pharm Chem - Volume 2 Issue 6 - 2015
ISSN : 2381-8913 | www.austinpublishinggroup.com
Taleuzzaman et al. © All rights are reserved
Austin Journal of Analytical and
Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Open Access
Abstract
UPLC is a modern technique which gives a new direction for liquid
chromatography. UPLC refers to ultra performance liquid chromatography,
which enhance mainly in three areas: “speed, resolution and sensitivity. Ultra
performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) applicable for particle less than
2μm in diameter to acquire better resolution, speed, and sensitivity compared
with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In twenty frst centenary
pharmaceutical industries are focusing for new ways to in economy and shorten
time for development of drugs. UPLC analysis at the mean time gives the better
quality of their products and analytical laboratories are not exception in this trend.
The separation and quantifcation in UPLC is done under very high pressure (up
to 100M Pa). As compare to HPLC, under high pressure it is observed that not
any negative infuence on analytical column and also other components like
time and solvent consumption is less in UPLC.
Keywords: Ultra performance liquid chromatography; High separation
effciency; Cost effective; High pressure
Comparison between UPLC and HPLC
Principles are the same but not the performance
Te principles of UPLC are same principle as HPLC, the basic
diference is in designer of the column material particle size which
less than 2-μm. Which make a big deference in performance and
to maximize the advantages of these columns, creating a powerful,
robust and reliable solution? Te familiar design of UPLC H-class’s
Quaternary Solvent Manager (QSM) and Sample Manager (SM-
FTN), with fow-through needle design, gives all the fexibility and
usability of your current HPLC while still achieving the highly
efcient separations that only UPLC can provide [6-9] (Table 1).
To improve the UPLC effciency following measures need
to be performed
1. By employing high temperature which reduce the
viscosity of mobile phase and ultimately fow rate if high.
Signifcantly back pressure is reduced.
2. Te unique feature of UPLC analysis is interconnected
skeletons and interconnected fow paths (through-pores)
which are found in monolithic columns make UPLC
technique diferent from HPLC. In UPLC chromatogram
it is found that better resolution and separation are found
as compared to HPLC along with perform more sensitive
analysis, reduce consumption of solvent and has high
speed of analysis [8-10].
Small Particle Chemistry
Te ideal of the Van Deemter equation cannot be completed
without smaller particles than those traditionally used in HPLC. Te
Van Deemter equation infuence by particles size, so the scientist focus
on the design and development of sub-2 µm particles is a signifcant
challenge, and researchers have been active in this area for some time
Introduction
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has proven
to one of the most and predominant technology used in analytical
laboratories for the analysis of drugs worldwide during the past 30-
plus years [1,2]. One of the basic concerns for the growth of this
technique is the packing material which efects the separations. In this
separation mechanism the principal apply is Van Deemeter equation,
with which any student of chromatography is intimately familiar.
H=A+B/v +Cv
Te above equation is an empirical formula that describes the
relationship between linear velocity (fow rate) and plate height
(HETP, or column efciency). And, since particle size is one of
the variables, a Van Deemter curve can be used to investigate
chromatographic performance. Where A, B and C are constants and
v is the linear velocity, the carrier gas fow rate.
A= Eddy mixing
B =Axial difusion
C=Solute’s mass transfer
Te A term is independent of velocity and represents “eddy”
mixing. It is smallest when the packed column particles are small and
uniform. Te B term represents axial difusion or the natural difusion
tendency of molecules. Tis efect is diminished at high fow rates and
so this term is divided by v. Te C term is due to kinetic resistance
to equilibrium in the separation process. Te kinetic resistance is
the time lag involved in moving from the gas phase to the packing
stationary phase and back again. Te greater the fow of gas, the more
a molecule on the packing tends to lag behind molecules in the mobile
phase. Tus this term is proportional to v [3-5].
Review Article
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) - A
Review
Taleuzzaman M*, Ali S, Gilani SJ, Imam SS and
Hafeez A
Glocal School of Pharmacy,Glocal University,
Saharanpur, 247121, U.P, India
*Corresponding author: Mohamad Taleuzzaman,
Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University,
Saharanpur, India
Received: December 13, 2015; Accepted: December 29,
2015; Published: December 31, 2015