61
ENTOMON 41 (1): 61-66 (2016)
Article No. ent. 41107
* Author for correspondence
© 2016 Association for Advancement of Entomology
First record of South American tomato moth, Tuta absoluta
(Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Tamil Nadu, India
P.S. Shanmugam, K. Ramaraju
*
and K. Indhumathi
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Papparapatty 636 809,
Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu
*Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003.
Email:ramaraju.k@tnau.ac.in
ABSTRACT: The South American tomato moth (SATM), Tuta absoluta is a quarantine pest, native
to South America which was detected first time in Maharastra, India in late 2014 and then in
Karnataka.The border district of Tamil Nadu was under vigil to monitor the activity through regular
surveillance from March 2015 to know the presence of SATM in Dharmapuri district and the occurrence
of T. Absoluta was first noticed in Karimangalam block in the tomato hybrid Sivam. The widely
cultivated tomato hybrids Sivam and Sagar were equally susceptible to the SATM with 20-32 per cent
leaf damage and 28 - 53 per cent fruit damage. The sex pheromone traps attracted more number of
adults per day. The damage was mostly found in the middle and lower leaves and half ripened and
ripened fruits. In a single fruit 8-12 holes were noticed during the survey. This is the first report of this
pest in Tamil Nadu. Main characteristics of the species are briefly reviewed, with notes on biology,
distribution and damage. © 2016 Association for Advancement of Entomology
KEY WORDS: Tuta absoluta; Tomato; Quarantine pest; Tamil Nadu
Non-native invasive insect species are a significant
threat to biodiversity and their ecological impacts
are difficult to reverse. They also affect economic
interests particularly within agriculture, horticulture
and forestry (Mace and Kunin, 1994). The South
American tomato moth (SATM), Tuta absoluta
(Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one such
pest, originating from South America, that
devastates tomato and closely related solanaceous
crops in the world since, 1960’s (EPPO, 2005). In
2004, T. Absoluta was added by the European and
Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
(EPPO) to the A1 List of pests recommended for
regulation (pests absent from the EPPO region),
and in 2009 was transferred to the A2 list (pests
locally present in the EPPO region), 3 years after
its arrival in Spain (Urbaneja et al., 2007). During
2006–2012, the pest spread rapidly throughout the
Mediterranean basin. Tuta absoluta is considered
a typical invasive species, due to its capacity to
develop very quickly in suitable agro- ecological
conditions, spreading rapidly in new areas and
causing economical damage (Desneux et al., 2010).
In India, it was first reported from Pune,
Maharashtra during October 2014 (ICAR, 2014)
and has rapidly moved across the states and later
detected in Karnataka during the rabi (November)
season of 2014, where, it has become a serious
threat to tomato production in both greenhouse and
outdoor crops (Sridhar et al., 2014). Since then alert
notice was issued by the Indian Council of
Agricultural Research to keep vigil on the incidence
of T. Absoluta in different states. As a district