Int. J. Water, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2008 25
Copyright © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
A model for integrated water resources management
in water-scarce regions: irrigation with wastewater
combined with desalination processes
Nava Haruvy*
Netanya Academic College,
1 University Street, Netanya 42365, Israel
E-mail: navaharu@netvision.net.il
*Corresponding author
Sarit Shalhevet
SustainEcon, 126 Thorndike Street,
Brookline, MA 02446, USA
E-mail: sarit.shalhevet@gmail.com
Yehuda Bachmat
Hadassah Academic College,
37 Haneviim St. Jerusalem 91010, Israel
E-mail: ybachmat@vms.huji.ac.il
Abstract: We have developed a model for planning water supply from diverse
sources, including groundwater, the National Water Carrier, wastewater and
seawater. The model integrates hydrological, technological and economic
considerations, and estimates the economic and environmental impacts of
alternative water management policies; it was implemented in a case study of
the Emek Heffer and northern Sharon regions in Israel. A unique hydrological
database was constructed and a hydrological model was developed for planning
water resources use and forecasting the chloride concentration in the aquifer.
The costs of desalination processes and of the water supply to the region under
various scenarios were estimated. The results include recommendations for the
water treatment level and for desalination of different water sources, and
forecasts of the implementation costs. We conclude that the economic cost of
improving the quality of the supplied water and of the aquifer water should be
considered in decision making.
Keywords: groundwater salinity; multi-disciplinary model; economics;
desalination; wastewater.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Haruvy, N., Shalhevet, S.
and Bachmat, Y. (2008) ‘A model for integrated water resources management
in water-scarce regions: irrigation with wastewater combined with desalination
processes’, Int. J. Water, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp.25–40.
Biographical notes: Nava Haruvy is a Senior Professor of Economics in the
Netanya Academic College, and Deputy Dean of the College’s School of
Insurance. She received her PhD in Economics from the Technion in Israel.
She has conducted extensive research, teaching and consulting, managed