World Applied Sciences Journal 10 (Special Issue of Tourism & Hospitality): 40-44, 2010
ISSN 1818-4952
© IDOSI Publications, 2010
Corresponding Author: Hassan Gholipour Fereidouni, School of Management, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),
Penang, Malaysia. Postcode: 11800. Tel: +60-174809810, E-mail: hassanhgf@gmail.com.
40
The Interaction Between Foreign Real Estate Investment and Tourism:
The Iranian Case in Dubai
Hassan Gholipour Fereidouni, Tajul Ariffin Masron,
1 2
Anahita Malekmohammadi and Ai-Yee Ooi
3 4
Hassan Gholipour Fereidouni, PhD Student in Finance, School of Management,
1
Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Tajul Ariffin Masron, Senior Lecturer, School of Management,
2
Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Anahita Malekmohammadi, PhD Student in Tourism Development, School of Housing,
3
Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Ai-Yee Ooi, PhD Student in Finance, School of Management,
4
Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Abstract: The empirical relationship between the evolution of tourism and foreign real estate investment is
established in the literature; however the direction of causality between these two variables is less clear.
The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the pattern of causality between foreign real estate
investment and tourism, within the context of Iranian investment in Dubai real estate sector (IIDRE) and Iranian
tourism in Dubai. By applying multivariate cointegration approach, the findings indicate that in the long-run
the causation runs from tourism to IIDRE. It means that accumulation of Iranian knowledge about attractiveness
of Dubai as a holiday destiny is an important factor explaining IIDRE. The results also suggest that there is a
bidirectional short-run causal relationship between these variables. The results have some important
implications for Iranian and Dubai policymakers.
Key words: Real estate %Tourism %Iranian %Dubai %Multivariate cointegration
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to empirically
Previous studies established that foreign real estate
investment is affected by the tourism. What is much less
clear is the direction of causality between these two
variables, given that, causal relationships running from
tourism to foreign real estate investment and vice versa is
both plausible.
Accumulation of knowledge (by foreign tourists)
about the attractiveness of the destination as a holiday
destiny can directly drive the demand for housing
services up, because tourism is considered as the first
step before acquiring a property [1]. The increased foreign
real estate investment, on the other hand, will raise the
tourism because tourism is the following step after
acquiring a property in a foreign country, which makes
tourism be influenced by previous investment in real
estate [1].
investigate the pattern of causality between foreign
real estate investment and tourism, within the context
of Iranian investment in Dubai real estate sector
(IIDRE, hereafter) and Iranian tourism in Dubai (Dubai is
an emirate of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). UAE lies in
the heart of the Middle East and is one of the world’s
fastest growing economies. By 2008, the UAE’s second
largest constituent emirate, Dubai, was drawing over
97 per cent of its GDP from non-oil sectors, including a
real estate industry, a world class luxury tourism
industry, an international financial centre and a range
of re-exporting and other commercial activities based out
of international ‘free zones’. Dubai has historically
enjoyed fairly warm relations with Iran, given that many
of its immigrant merchants are of Persian origin. Iran has
also long been the emirate’s principal regional trading
partner and Dubai chose to remain neutral in the Iran-Iraq
War) [2].