CHAPTER TWO Molecular mechanisms of selective autophagy in Drosophila Raksha Gohel † , Athanasios Kournoutis † , Stavroula Petridi † , Ioannis P. Nezis* School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom *Corresponding author: e-mail address: i.nezis@warwick.ac.uk Contents 1. Introduction 64 1.1 Autophagy 64 2. Developmental regulation via autophagy 78 3. Selective macroautophagy in Drosophila 80 3.1 Types of selective macroautophagy 82 4. Selective autophagy receptors and adaptors in Drosophila 88 4.1 Ref(2)P 88 4.2 Kenny 91 4.3 Blue cheese 92 4.4 SH3PX1 94 4.5 Atg1 94 4.6 CKA 95 5. Concluding remarks 96 Acknowledgments 97 References 97 Abstract Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process in which cytoplasmic material is recycled under various conditions of cellular stress, preventing cell damage and pro- moting survival in the event of energy or nutrient shortage, or in response to various cytotoxic insults. Autophagy is also responsible for the removal of aggregated proteins and damaged organelles, playing a vital role in the quality control of proteins and organelles. Impairment of autophagy has been linked to various diseases, including can- cer and neurodegenerative disorders, making it a very interesting process for further research. Recent research highlighted that autophagy is not random and can be selec- tive, making it even more important to understand the molecular mechanisms of selec- tivity at the organismal level. Drosophila has been demonstrated to be an excellent † These authors contributed equally to this work. International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 354 # 2020 Elsevier Inc. ISSN 1937-6448 All rights reserved. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.08.003 63